MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

194]COXCOED 289A. 1. To the rule that the verb agrees with its substantivein person and number the exceptions are very rare.Thus the sing, of the word tva many, having a pi. sense,appears once with a pi. verb : jay an u tvo juhvati many aone sacrifices for victories (MS.). On the other hand, thereare a few examples in the RV. of a neut. pi. taking a verbin the sing. ; e. g. dhrsnave dhiyate dhana to the hold manbooty accrues (i. 8P).2. a. When two sing, subjects have one verb, the latter inmost cases is in the dual e. ; g. indras ca yad yuyudhateahis ca when Indra and the dragon fought (i. 32^''^) ; urjamno dyaus ca prthivi ca pinvatam may heaven and earthsincrease our strength (vi. 70'') ;indras ca somam pibatambrhaspate do ye tiro, Indra and {thou), Brhaspati, drink Soma(iv. 50^'^).When one only of two subjects is expressed,the otherliaving to be supplied, the verb is also in the dual ;e. g.a yad indras ca dadvahe ivhcn (I)and Indra receive(viii. 34^'^) ; brhaspate yuvam indras ca vasvo divyasya^isathe Brhaspaii, ye two, (thou) and Indra, dispose ofseems to beheavenly wealth (vii. 97^°). In B. this usagefound only when the verb is in the third person; e.g.prajapatih praja asrjata :ta brhaspatis ca^anvavaitaniPrajapati created beings: (he) and B rhaspati followed them (TS.).a. In a minority of cases two sing, subjects take a sing, verb whenthey are equivalent in sense to a dn. compound e.g. tokdm ca tdsya;tdimysm ca vardhate his offspring and famihj prosper (ii. 25').P. In B. when two sing, subjects are connected by ca the verb isin the du. ;but if a contrast is intended, in the sing. ; e.g. tdsyadhata ca^aryama ca^ajayetam from her Bhalr and Anjaman were hmn(MS.) but prthivya vdi m^dhyam cav^amedhyd.m ca vyud akramat;from the earth there issued on the one hand the pure and on the other theimpure (MS.).b. When there are more than two subjects the verb is notnecessarily in the pi.,but may agree with only one of them.1. If each of the subjects is sing, the verb is sing. ;1819 Ue. g.