MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

•''167]INFINITIVE 191a. The infinitive is as a rule formed from the root, not beingconnected with any tense stems or ever showing the distinctions ofvoice. The forms in dhyai, i,se and s^ni are, however, not infrequentlyconnectedwith a present stem that in; dhyai is once formed froma pei-fect stem, and is also in several instances taken by causativestems. The forms in dhyai and tav&i are at once recognizable asinfinitives by their abnormal endings ;that in stoi, thoughit has anordinary case-ending, by its isolated stem-formation. The ace. inf.in tum and am and the abl. gen. inf. show their infinitive characterby their power of combining with prepositions and their verbalconstruction. Some infinitives, however, cannot be distinguishedfrom ordinary cases of verbal nouns :they are not to be regarded asgenuine infinitives unless they are isolated case forms or have a verbalconstruction.1. Dative Infinitive.This infinitive^ ends in e,which with the final a of a rootor stem combines to ai.'^ It is formed from :a. roots, about sixty forms occurring. About a dozen areformed from roots ending in long vowels and from one in i,all of them (except an alternative form of bhu) being compoundedwith e. prefixes ; g. para-dai to give up, pra-hy5to send (Vhi) ; -miy-e to diminish ( v'mi), -bhv-e and bhuv-6to he ;-tir-e to cross.The rest are from roots endingin consonants. Abouta dozen are uncompounded, as mah-e to be glad, mih-e toshed ivafer, bhuj-6 to enjoy, drs-6 to see. But the compoundedforms are commoner; e.g. -grabh-e to seise,-idh-e to kindle,-niid-e to thrust, -preh-e ^ to ash, -vae-e ^ to sjyeaJc,-vidh-e ^to pierce, -syad-e ° to floiv.'''^The only dat. inf. in ordinary use in B. is that in tavai. Otherwiseonly five or six in e (see note 6) two in tave, av-i-tave and startave,and one in dhyai, sa-dhyai to conquer (-y/sah) have been noted in B.;Loc. infinitives have disappeared.-Excejit srad-dhe fo Mist and pra-m6 to form, wliich drop the a.^With Samprasarana.^With lengthened vowel.With loss of nasal (Vsyand).''In B. have been noted half a dozen infinitives in e from roots