MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

298 OUTLINES OF SYNTAX [196THE CASES.Nominative.196. The nominative, as in other languages, is mainlyused as the subject of a sentence.a. A second nominative is employed as a predicatewith certain verbs beside the subject, that is,with verbsmeaning le, become, seem or he accounted, tJiinlc oneself; e. g.tvam hi ratnadha asi for thou art a hcstower of treasure(i. 153) ^ivasah santo asiva abhuvan . heiur/ friendli/ theyhave become unfriendhj (v. \2^ dkavimsatih sam padyante;they become twenty-one (TS.);' gokama me achadayan theyseemed to me desirous of cons (x. 108^") rsih ko; vipra ohateicho counts as a seer, as a singer? (viii. 3^^j ; apratir manyamanah.thinking himself irresistible (v. 323) .somam manyatepapivan he believes he has drunlc Soma (x. 85^) ; parabhavisyantomanamahe /ce think we are about to perish (TS.).a. In B. the predicative nom. also appears with verbs meaning tucall oneself (hrii, vac, vad in the middle)e.; g. indro brahmanobruvandh Indra calling himself a Brahman (.TB.) ;hantavocathah thouhast described thyself as a slayer (TS.)./3. With verbs of naming the predicative ace. may also be expressediu B. by the nom. with iti ; e. g. rasabha iti hy etam fsayo 'vadanfor the seers called him ^ass' (TS.\b. With passive verbs the predicative nom. takes theplace of the ace. object of the active verb tvam e. . .; g.ucyase pita thou art called a father (i. 31'^).c. Instead of the predicative nom. the voc. is sometimesused ; e. g. yiiyam hi stha, sudanavah for ye are liberal(i. 15'-) ;abhur eko, rayipate rayinam thou alone hast been1In B. the phrase rup^m kr to assume a form, because it is equivalentto bhu become, takes a predicative nom. ; e.g. visnu rupam krtvaassumimj the form of Visnu (TS.).