MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

454 APPENDIX IIIthe latter are nearly alwaj^s accented ;e g. pra-bharman,n. presentation.B. Secondary Suiflxes:a. Stems in ^n always accent the suffix : e. g. asv-inpossessing horses.h. Stems in tama, if superlatives, hardly ever accent thesuffix (except puru-tama very mamj, ut-tama highest, ^a^vattamamost frequent), but if ordinals, the final syllable of thesuffix ;e. g. ^ata-tama hundredth.c. Stems in ma, whether superlatives or ordinals, regularlyaccent the suffix ; e. g. adha-ma lowest ;asta-ma eighth:except anta-ma next (but twice anta-ma).2. Accentuation of Compounds.10. Stated generally, the rule is that iteratives, possessives,and governing compounds accent the first member, whiledeterminatives (Karmadharayas and Tatpurusas), and regularlyformed co-ordinatives accent the last member (usuallyon its final syllable). Simple words on becoming membersof compounds generally retain their original accent. Some,however, alwa5^s change it thus visva : regularly becomesvisva ;others do so in certain combinations only: thuspiirva prior becomes piirva in purva-cltti f. Jirst thought,purva-piti f. frst draught, purva-huti first invocation ;m6dha sacrifice shifts its accent in medha-pati lord ofsacrifice and medha-sati f.reception of the sacrifice, andvira hero in puru-vira possessed of many men and su-viraheroic. An adjective compound may shift its accent fromone member to another on becominga substantive or aproper name ; e. g.su-krta toell done, but su-krta, n. gooddeed ; a-raya niggardly, but a-raya m. name of a demon.a. Iteratives accent the first member only, the two wordsbeing separated b}' Avagraha in the Pada text, like themembers of other compounds ; e.g. ahar-ahar day after day ;jAd-jad whatever ; jAtha-jatha, as in each case ; adya-adya,svah-svah on each to-day, on each to-morrow ; pra-pra foiihand again ; piba-piba drink again and again.