MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

97-98] EADICAL A STEMS 79rare that some endings, such as those of the L. s.,theG.L. du., and the Gr. pi. are not represented at all. The ni.always takes s in the N. s.,but the f. often drops it,doubtless owing to the influence of the derivative a stems.The radical vowel is dropped before the endings e' and asof tlie D. and G. s. The forms actually occurring, if madefrom j a child m. f.,would be:Sing. N. ja-s, f. also ja. A. jam. I. ja. D. j-6, G. j-as.V. ja-s.Dual. N.A.V. ja and jau. I. ja-bhyam.-Plur. N. jas. A. jas. I. ja-bhis. D. ja-bhyas. Ab.ja-bhyas.L. ja-su.a. Five anomalously formed m. derivative stems in a follow theanalogy of the radical a stems.Tlie strong stem of pathi m. path is in the RV. pfetha only Sing. N.:pdntha-s. A. p^ntlia-m. PI. N. pduthas. The AV. has besides thestem pdnthan : Sing. N. pdntha. A. panthanam. PI. N. panthau-as.From the adverb tatha thus is formed the sing. N. a-tatha-s not saying'yes '.usana m., a seer, has a N. like a f. : usana. A. usana-m. D. usan-e.mantha churning stick and maha great form the A. m^ntha-m andmaha-rn.8. Radical a stems, m. n., numbering about twenty,consist almost entirely of stems in radical a that has beenshortened to a.Excepting kha n, a^erfure they appear asfinal members of compounds only; e.g. prathaDaa-jay^rs^horn, -ha slaying is a reduced form of han e. ; g. satru-haslaying enemies.98. B. Stems in i and u (m.f.n.).Both declensions embrace a large number of nouns of allgenders. But the i declension contains comparatively fewn. stems, and, excepting the N.A. s. and pi.,n. forms are^Not, however, in most of the dative infinitives ; e. g. para-dai togive up, pra-khyai to see, prati-mai imitate (cp. 167).^Contrary to the rule generally ajiplicable to monosyllabic stems,the accent remains on thfe radical syllable tliroughout.