MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

133-134] IREEGULAEITIES OF PRESENT SYSTEM 141B. Fourth or Ya Class. 1. The radical syllable isreduced in seven verbs: spas sec loses its initial: pas-ya ;vyadh pierce takes Samprasarana vidh-ya a is shortened: ;in dha suck :dha-ya ma; exchange:ma-ya ;va weave :va-ya ; vya envelope vya-ya hva call : :; hva-ya.2. Final r sometimes becomes both ir and ur :jr wasteaway: jur-ya and jir-ya(AV.) ;tv cross: tilr-ya and tir-ya ;pr fill becomes piir-ya only (because of its initial labial).3. sram lieweary lengthens its vowel : sram-ya ;in B.tarn faint and mad he exhilarated do the same :tam-ya,mad-ya.C. Sixth Class. 1. The radical vowel is nasalized ineight verbs : krt cut : krnt-a ; trp he pleased : trmp-a ;pis adorn :pims-a ;mucrelease : munc-a ; lip smear :limp-a ; Iw^hreal:: lump-a ; Yxdifind: vind-a sic ; sprinMe :sinc-a. Three other roots, tud thrust, drh malce firm, subhshine have occasional nasalized forms.2. Four roots form their present stem with the suffix cha{cp. A 2): is tvish : i-cha v :go: r-cha ; pras ash :pr-eha ;vas shine : u-cha. The root vrasc cut, which seems to beformed with c,' takes Samprasarana :vrsc-a.3. Three roots in r, kr scatter, gr swallow, tr cross, formthe present stems kir-a, gir-a, tir-a (beside tar-a).a. Beside the normal use of the imperative suffix tat for the 2. s. inmrdd-tat, visa-tat, vrha-tat, suva-tat, it also appears for the 3. s. invis^-tat.134. A. Second or Root Class.1. The root is irregularly strengthened in the followingverbs :a. ksnu irhet, yu unite, nu and stu praise take Vrddhiinstead of Guna in the strong forms before terminations^^With Samprasarana and loss of s. Cp. Lat. prec-or and po{rc)-sco,and Old German/ragf-en ' ask ' and for-scon {forschen).'^Cp. -vras-ka culling, past participle vrk-nft cut, and vfk-a wolf.