MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

180] CONJUNCTIVE AND ADVBL. PARTICLES 230second (AB.). 5. indeed, in the first of two antithetical chiuses, wlicnthe second is introduced with tii or kim u e. ; g. yo nv ev& jnatdstfismai bruyad, ni, tv ev^ sdirvasma iva he man indi'od iell it fo him whoIS known to him, but not to anyand erenj one (_SB.).nnnam noiv has three uses in the RV. :1. With the ind. pres. it means now as opposed to formerlyor in future (an opposition often expressed by pura beforeand aparam after) ; e. g. na nunam asti no svah there is nonow and no to-morrow (i. 170^).It is a few times used with the perfect in combinationwith pura to express that an action has taken place in thepast and still takes place ;e. g. pura nunam ca stutayarsinarn pasprdhra indre formerly and now the praises ofseers have striven to Indra (vi. 34^).2. With the subj., impv., opt., or inj., itexpresses that anaction is to take place at once e. ; g. vi nunam uchat sheshall now shine forth (i. 124^^); pra nunam purnavandhurasstut6 ysilii praised advance note with laden car (i. 82^).With the perfect it is a few times used in the RV. toexpress that an action has just been completed ; e. g. upanunam yuyuje hari he has just yoJccd his two bay steeds(viii. 411).3. It occurs sometimes with interrogatives= _pra?/ ; e.g.kada nunam te dasema tvhen, pray, may we serve thee?(vii. 293).rt.In B. none of these uses seem to survive, while the new sense ofcertainly, assuredly (perhaps once already in the AV.) has appeared ;e. g. tatha In nuri&m tdd asa. just so assuredly it came to pass (SB.).n^d (= na id and not treated as a compound by thePadapatha) has two uses in both V. and B. : 1. sometimesas an emphatic negative, certainly not ;e. g. anyo n6t surir6hate bhuridavattarah no other patron indeed isaccountedmore liberal (viii. 5-") ;dham vadami n6t tvam I am speahing,not thou (vii. 38*) ;n6d anuhutam prasnami I certainlydo not cat it before it is invoiced (SB.). 2. much more commonlyas introducing a final clause in order that not with the subj.