MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

197-198] ACCUSATIVE 303him (MS.) ; aprativady enam bhratrvyo bhavati his enemy does notcontradict him (PB.).c. The ace. is governed by more prepositions than anyother case. The genuine prepositions with which it isexclusively connected in both V. and B. are ati heyond, anuafter, abhi towards, prati against, tiras across ;and in V.only acha towards. It is also taken secondarily by otherswhich primarily govern other cases (cp. 176. 1. 2).The ace.isfurther taken exclusively by the adnominal prepositionsantara between, abhitas around, upari above, sanitur apartfrom ;and secondarily by some others (cp. 177. 1-3).a. The preposition vma uithout, except, wliich first occurs in B. (andthere has only been noted once), takes the ace; and rt6 without^which in the EV. governs the abl. only, in B. begins to take the ace.also (as it often does in jiost-Vedic Sanskrit).p. In B. a number of adverbs (inst. of adjectives and substantivesor formed with tas from pronouns expressiveof some relation inspace) take the ace. ;such are dgrena in front of, dntarena withist,between, uttarena north of, ddksinena to the right or the sotith of, pdrenabeyond ; ubhayfi,-tas on both sides of.y. In B. the aec. is taken by two interjections. One of them, 6dlo ! behold !(cp. Lat. en), is always preceded by a verb of motion,which, however, has sometimes to be supplied ;e. g. eyaya vayur :^d dhatd,m vrtram Vdiju came (to see):behold, Vrtra (was) dead (SB.) ;punar 6nia iti deva : 6d agnim tirobhutam ^ loe are coming back', saidthe gods; (they came back, and) behold! Agni (had) disappeared! (^B.).The other interjection dhiky?e.', used with the ace. of the persononly, is still very rare in B. ;e. g. dhik tva jalma^_^astu fie on tjou,rogue!(KB.).Double Accusative.198. A second ace. appears in apposition with variousverbs; e.g. purusam ha vai deva agre pasvim a lebhiretliegods in the beginning sacrificed a man as a victim (SB.).It is further used :1. predicatively with verbs of saying (brti, vac), thinking(man), knowing (vid), hearing (sru), making (kr), ordaining(vi-dha), choosing (vr), appointing (ni-dha) in both V.