MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

ACCENT OF NOMINAL STEMS 453d. yatha as almost invariably when, in the sense of ivalike, it occurs at the end of a Pada e. ; g. tayavo yatha likethieves ;kam indeed always when following nu, sii, hi.1. Accentuation of Nominal Stems.9. The :—most important points to be noted here are thefollowingA. Primary Suffixes :a. Stems in-as accent the root if neut. action nouns, butthe suffix if masc. agent nouns ;e. g. ap-as n. ivork, butap-as active. The same substantive here, without changeof meaning, sometimes varies the accent with the gender ;e. g. raks-as n., raks-as m. demon.b. Stems formed with the superlative suffix istha accentthe root ; e. g. yajistha sacrificing best. The only exceptionsare jyestha eldest (but jyestha greatest) and kanistha youngest(but kanistha smallest).^ When the stem is compoundedwith a preposition, the latter is accented ; e. g. a-gamisthacoming best.c. Stems formed with the comparative suffix iyamsinvariably accent the root e.; g, jav-iyams swifter. Whenthe stem iscompounded with a preposition, the latter isaccented ;e. g. prati-cyaviyams pressing closer against.d. Stems formed with tar generally accent the root whenthe meaning is participial, but the suffix when it is purelynominal e. ; g. da-tar giving (with ace), but da-tar giver.e. Stems in man when (neut.) action nouns, accent theroot, but when (masc.) agent nouns the suffix e. ; g. kar-mann. action, but dar-man, m. breaker. The same substantivehere varies, in several instances, in accent with the meaningand gender (cp. above, 9 A a) e.; g.brahman n. prayer,brahman m. one who prays ; sad-man, n. seat, sad-man, m.sitter. When these stems are compounded with prepositions,'These two exceptions arise simply from the desire to distinguishthe two me.inings of each of them. See l)elow (16, footnote 2).