MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

29G OUTLINES OF SYNTAX [i95relative clause ;but when it isaccompanied by a substantive,with the latter ;e. g. pasavo va ete yad apah water isequivalent to cattle (AB.). In this usage yad often loses itsinflexional character to such an extent that it becomes likean explanatory particle (= that is to say),the substantivethat follows itagreeing in case \vith that which precedes ;e. g. etair atra^ubhayair artho bhavati yad devais cabrahmanais ca there is need here of both, that is, of the godsand the Brahman s (SB.).The use of eta without an antecedent, parallel to that ofta, is common both in V. and B. ; o. g. eso usa vy iichatithis Dawn (whom Ave see before us) has shone forth (i. 46') ;te ha^asura asuyanta iva^^ueur yavad evaisa visnur:abhis6te tavad vo dadma iti the Asuras said someivhatdispleased as much as : this Vismi (here present) covers lyingdoivn, so much we give you (SB,) ; yuvam etarn cakrathuh.sindhusu plavam ye two have made that l)oat (present to ourthought) in the ocean (i. 182^) ; t^na^etam uttaram girimati dudrava therewith he passed over that (well known)northern mountain (SB.) ;ta ete maye asrjanta suparnimca kadrum ca they created these two (well-known) miracidousheings, Siiparn'i and Kadrfi (SB.). In the last example eterequires the addition of the two following names tosupj^lementits sense.a. Somewhat bimilarly this pronoun is sometimes followed in B.by v/oi-ds or a sentence explaining it ; e.g. sa etabhir dev^tabhihsayug bhutva marudbhir visa^agnina^d,nikena,_^upaplayata he, lutUedwith these deities, ihe Martiis us the flghling folk and Agni us the heud,approached (MS.) ;sd ha,^etd,d eva dadarsa :^^anasanataya vdi ni3prajah p^ra bhavanti^iti he saw tliis : in consequence of hunger vnjcreatures ure perishing (SB.).h. In its anaphoric use eta expresses identity with thatto which it refers back, more emphatically than ta does ;e. g. apeta vita vi ca sarpata^ato: asma etam pitarolokam akran go away, disperse, depart from hence : this pilacc