MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

180] CONJUNCTIVE AND ADVBL. PARTICLES 219compound, the particle regularly follows the preposition,not the verb itself: ulukhala-sutanam ava^id v, indra,jalgulah gul2) eagerly doivn, Ii/dra, llie drops shed by themortar (i. 28^).a. In B. the particle is similarly used : n^ ta it sadyo 'ny^smai dtidiset he should noi assign {just those =) the same {cows) to another on thesame da>f (SB.) ; tatha^in nundm td.d asa now thus it came to pass (SB.).iva is an enclitic particle with two uses :1. It means as if, as, lilic in abbreviated similes in apposition,never introducing a clause like yatha. It followsthe word with which comparison is made ;if the comparisonconsists of several words, the particle generally follows thefirst, less commonly the second. The comparison is usuallycomplete, but not infrequentlyit is only partially expressed.This employment of iva is very common in V., but comparativelyrare in B. Examples of this use are : dur6 citsan talid ivati rocase even though far away, thou shinestbrightly as if near at hand (i. 94^) tat; padam pasyantidiviva caksur atatam they see that step like an eye fixed inheaven (i. 22-°) sa nah; pita^iva sunave agne supayanobhava as such be accessible to us, Agid, as a father to his son(i. l^j ;dviso no ati nava^iva paraya taJce its across our foesas [across the ocean] in a ship (i. 97') ;tabhi rajanamparigrhya tisthati samudra iva bhumim with these he keepsembracing the king, as the sea the earth (AB.).2. It modifies a statement not intended to be understoodin its strict sense, meaning as it were. It chiefly followsadjectives, adverbs, prepositions or verbs.This use of iva israre in V., but very common in B. Examples are : iha^_,ivasrnve I hear close at hand as it were (i. 37") ; tad, indra,pra^iva viryam cakartha that heroic deed,Indra, thou didstperforin [asittvere=) quite pre-eminently (i. 103') ; yapra^ivanasyasi who [as itwere=) almost losest thyself (i. 146^);yadi tan na^iva haryatha if ye are not quite pleased ivith that(i. 161^). From B. : tasmat sa babhruka iva hence he {is as