MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

326 OUTLINES OF SYNTAX [204-205to the jiressed Soma (vi. 23') ;tasminn eva^eta nimislatamaiva to hhn these (women) are most devoted (SB.).h. ordinary adjectives : in V. priya and caru dear ; e. g.priyah surye priyo agna bhavati he will he dear to Surya,dear to Agnl (v. 37^) ;carur mitre varune ca dear to Mitraand Varum (ix. 61^) ;in B. dhruva firm ; e. g. rastram eva^asmin dhruvam akah he has made the sovereignty estallisJtedin him (TS.).3. The loc. is used with a few prepositions : in V. a in,at, on, and (rarely) api near, in, and upa near to, at, upon, aswell as the prepositional adverb saca beside, ivith ;in V. andB. adhi on and antar within (ep. 176. 2 ; 177, 5).Locative and Genitive Absolute.205. 1. The absolute construction of the loc, in whichthe case isalways accompanied by a participle, started fromthe ordinary use of the loc. Combined with a i^articiple itcame to be regarded as a temporal or qualifying clausewhere the case alone could not be employed. Thus besideusasi at daivn could appear uchantyam usasi at dawn as itshines forth, which then acquired the independent sensetchen dawn shines fortJt.(i. 184'). As regards the participlesused in this construction, the future never occurs ;the perf.act. is quite isolated the; perf. pass. part, is somewhatdoubtful in V., but undoubted in B. ;is in fully developed use in V. as well as B.while the pres. part,a. An example of the perf. part. act. in vant usedabsolutely is : asitavaty atithav asniyat (AV.guest having eaten, he may eat (cp. 161).ix. 6^^) theh. The perf. part. pass, appears in the RV. in severalexpressions, such as jat6 agnau, stirn6 barhisi, sut6 some,in which the loc. probably still has its ordinary sense ; e. g.visvam adhag ayudham iddh6 agnau he hurnt every weaponin the kindled fire (ii. 15^) ; yo asvasya dadhikravno akarit