MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

134] IRREGULARITIES OF THE SECOND STEM 1433. A vowel or semivowel is irregularlyinserted in thefollowing verbs :a. The roots an breatJie, rud weep, vam vomit, svas blow,svap sleejJ insert i before all terminations beginning witha consonant, except in the 2. 3. s. impf., where they insert i ;e. g. an-i-ti, an-i-t ;a-vam-i-t ;svas-i-ti.b. The roots id praise and is rule add i in some forms ofthe 2. s. and pi, mid. : id-i-sva ; is-i-se (beside ik-se),Isi-dhve. Occasional forms (2. s. inipv.) with connecting ifrom other roots also occur :jan-i-sva he born, vas-i-svaclothe, snath-i-hi pierce, stan-i-hi thunder.c. The root bru S2)eaJi inserts i in the strong formsbefore terminations beginning with consonants: brav-i-mi,a-brav-i-t ;am injure inserts i before consonants ;thusam-i-ti, am-i-sva, am-i-t (TS.).4. With regard to the endings :a. The root sas order loses the n in the 3. pi. act. andmid., and in the part.:sas-ate, sas-atu, sas-at.b. The root duh niilk is very anomalous in its endings.The irregular forms are the following: act. impf. 3. s.a-duh-a-t beside a-dhok, 3. pi.a-duh-ran beside a-duh-anand duh-iir ; opt. 3. s. duh-iyat (for duh-yat), 3. pi.duh-i-yan (for duh-yiir). Mid. pr. ind. 3. pi.duh-r6 andduh-rate beside the regular duh-at6 ; impv. 3. s. duh-am,^^3. pi. dnh-ram and duh-ratam ; part, dugh-ana.e. Roots ending in a take ur instead of an in the 3. pi. impf.Uct. ; e.g. ^Bb protect a-p-ur. A few roots ending in consonants:show the same irregularity ;e. g. tvis be stirred: a-tvis-ur.a. The vei'bs is 7-ule, duh milk, vid ,find, si liefrequently, and citobserve, brii speak rarely, take e instead of te^ in the 3. s. pr. mid. :is-e,duh-6, vid-6, iiy-e ; cit-6, bruv-6.p. In the AV. and B. subj. forms with a instead of a are r.ot uncommon;e. g. £y-a-s, fis-a-t,* brd.v-a-thaR, h4n-a-tha, dd-a-n.^But with irregular accent, as also rih-al6 they lick.2In the AV. the 3. s.impv. mid. is similarly formed in ^ay-am.^This irregularity occurs in B. also.*In B. subj. forms with primary endings are very rai'e.