MacDonnell II - Wilbourhall.org

234 INDECLINABLE WORDS [i8otii,though accented, never commences a sentence or Pada.It has two uses :1. It is an emphasizing particle. In the RV., where itoccurs nearly fifty times, it seems to be restricted to thissense.a. In about two-thirds of its occurrences tu emphasizesan exhortation in the 2. pers. impv. (rarely the 3. pers., orthe subj. in an impv. sense)= pray, then] e.g. a tv 6ta, nisidata jjm^ come, sit you down (i. 5^) ;na te dur6 paramacid rajamsy, a tu pra yahi haribhyam eve)i the highestspaces are not far to thee ;come hither, then, tvith thy two hays(iii. 302).h. In several passages tu emphasizes assertions (generallyfollowing the demonstrative ta) in the sense oi surely, indeed ;e. g. tat tv asya that surely is his tvorJc (iii. 30^-).2. It is an adversative i^article meaning hut. This is itssense in the only passage of the AV. in which it occurs, andis its only meaning in B. ; e.g. cakara bhadram asmabhyamatmane tapanam tu sah he has done what is good for lis, hutpainful to himself (AV. iv. IS*')tad evam v6ditor na tv;evam kartavai that one shoidd hioiv thus, hut not do thus (MS.).With aha or nu in the preceding clause, it expresses thesense it is true... hut; e.g. tad aha t^sam vaco, 'nya tvevatah sthitih this indeed is what they say, hut the estahlishedpractice is different therefrom (SB.).tena occurs in B. as au adverb correlative to y^d because; e.g. yfidgramyasya nd^dsnati tena gramyan dva runddhe because he does noteat any fame animal, therefore he gains tame animals for himself (MS.).tvava (compounded of tu vavi), a particle sometimes occurringin B., does not perceptibly differ in sense from vav& (q. v.); e.g.trdyo ha tvavd pasfivo 'medhyah there are just three kinds of animalsunfit for sacrifice (6B.).tv^i (compounded of tu vdi) is sometimes found in B. meaningbut indeed.dvita, a particle occurring about thirty times, is restrictedto the RV. There can be no doubt that it is an old instru-