Modern Engineering Thermodynamics

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Index 797 Isobaric coefficient of volume, 60, 75, 90 Isobaric process, 90t mixing, 294 separation, 304 Isochoric process, 90t Isolated system, defined, 35, 52t Isomers, 597 Isothermal boundary temperature, 257 Isothermal coefficient of compressibility (κ), 60, 90, 376 Isothermal processes filling, 300 flow, 162 laminar flow, 268, 307 Isothermal open system, human as, 425 Iteration technique adiabatic flame temperature, 613–619 carbon dioxide dissociation, 631 J J (joule), 16t, 787t Jet engine, 494, 499 Joule, James Prescott, 164 Joule (J), 16t, 787t Joule-Thomson coefficient (μ J ), 181, 182f estimating, 183 variation with pressure and temperature, 181 Joule-Thomson effect, 575 inversion temperature maximum, 181, 181t K Kay, W. B., 436 Kay’s compressibility factor, 436 Kay’s law, 435–436 Keenan, Joseph, 324 Kekulé, Friedrich August, 597 Kelvin (K), defined, 8, 16 Kelvin-Planck statement, 210–211 Kilogram (kg), defined, 17 Kinetic energy (KE) defined, 20, 22 effect of velocity, 173t flow stream, 173–174 Kinetic theory of gases, 728–732 L Lagrange, Joseph Louis, 669 Lagrangian analysis, 669 Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent, 70 Law of constant heat sums, 604 Law of corresponding states, 385–386 Laws of thermodynamics, 2, 34, 58, 622 Length, fundamental units, 6 Lenoir, Jean Joseph Etienne, 493 Lenoir cycle, 493–495, 493f Lever rule, 72, 74, 74f, 225 Life, defined, 693–694, 718 Lightning, 782 Liley, P. E., 445 Linde, Karl von, 181, 512 Linde process, 576f Linear momentum rate balance, 426–430 Liquids, β and κ for, 61t Lithium salt systems, 562 Living organisms, 704 Lm (lumen), 16t, 787t Local environment, 322 Local equilibrium fixing, 126 postulate, 126 thermodynamic, 36 Locomotion transport number, 714–716 versus mass, 716, 716f versus velocity, 715, 715f Locomotion work, 714 Log mean temperature difference, 290 Lower heating value (LHV), 608–609 Lumen (lm), 16t, 787t Lux (lx), 16t, 787t M Mach, Ernst, 655 Mach number (M), 655–660 and choked flow, 663, 665–669 cross-sectional dependence, 660 and diffuser efficiency, 684 regimes, compressible flow, 657, 657t Macroscopic system analysis, 43, 52t Macrostate, 747 Magnetic field induction, 120 permeability (μ 0 ) of a vacuum, 120 susceptibility, 121, 121t work in, 120 Magnetization vector, 120 work of, 120 Manual of the Steam Engine and Other Prime Movers, 397 Mariotte, Edme, 397 Mariotte’s law, 397 Mass balance, equation for, 14, 50 mixture, 406 Mass flow rate, 426, 665 isentropic converging nozzle, 665f isentropic nozzle, 665 Mass flow transport of energy, 168 of entropy, 271 Mass fraction (w i ), 406, 414 Mass rate balance isentropic flow, 660 isentropic sound wave, 657, 657f steady state, 172 Material derivative, 670 Mathematical probability, 741–747 Maximum explosion pressure, 619–621 reversible work, 322 Maxwell, James Clerk, 367, 728 Maxwell-Boltzmann gases, 750–751 diatomic, 753–756 monatomic, 751–753 polyatomic, 756–758 Maxwell-Boltzmann model, 749–750, 754 Maxwell equations, 367–370 Maxwell’s kinetic theory, 739 Maxwell velocity distribution function, 736f Maybach, Wilhelm, 502 Mean effective pressure (mep), 505, 505f Mean free path, 126, 733–734, 743 Mechanical efficiency (η m ), 459, 460t Otto cycle, 505 Mechanical equilibrium, 38, 52t Mechanical units, fundamental equation, 11 Mechanical work, defined, 108 Mechanochemical work, 123 Melting, Clapeyron equation, 370–372 Membrane potential, 697 Membranes, 695–696 Mep diagram, 505f Mercury, isobaric coefficient of volume expansion, 60, 376 Mercury-water binary power plant, 483f Metabolism, 694, 699, 705 heat transfer in, 703 in mammals, 702–705, 717t Methane, heat of formation, 605 Metrology, 6, 26t MKSA units, 17 Microscopic system analysis, 43, 52t Microstates of a group of molecules, 747 formula for computing, 750t Midgley, Thomas, Jr., 548 Mixing, 271–273, 293–296 entropy production rate of, 294 Mixtures of gases and vapors, homogeneous nonreacting, 438 MLt system, 11 Moisture, 74, 75, 603 Molar properties enthalpy, ideal gas, 391 heat of reaction, 607–608 Molar partial properties, 409t Molar specific properties absolute entropy, 623t enthalpy of formation, 606 entropy of formation, 626 Gibbs function of formation, 623t, 626 specific heats, average, 614t volume, 37, 79 Mole (mol) defined, 14 in a mixture n m , 406 number of (n), 37, 406, 619, 627 Mole-based properties, 37 Molecular disorder, 206 Molecular mass, 15 equivalent, 409, 412, 594 Molecular motion collision cross section, 732 mean free path, 733 velocities, 729 distribution, 734–738 Molecule, 593, 732–733 Mole fraction x i , 406, 414 Mollier, Richard, 225 Mollier diagram stagnation state, 654f for water, 226f Momentum, 206, 474
798 Index Morland, Samuel, 397 Moving system boundary work, polytropic process, 110–111 μ 0 (magnetic permeability, vacuum), 120 μ 0 (permittivity, vacuum), 29 Mutually exclusive, 741 N Nernst, Walter Hermann, 206 Net transport, heat and mass, 138 Net work, 105 Newcomen, Thomas, 451 Newcomen cycle reversible, 457 thermal efficiency, 457 Newcomen engine, thermal efficiency of, 466 Newton, Isaac, 16, 592 Newton (N), 16–17 Newton’s law of cooling, 129 Newton’s second law, fixed mass closed system, 674 Nonconductor, 116 Normal shock, 675 Normal shock wave, strength of, 689 Noether, Emmy, 63, 65, 89, 100–101 Nozzle discharge coefficient, 682 efficiency, 681 subsonic, 661 supersonic flow, 662 thermodynamic process path, 682f velocity coefficient, 681 Nuclear reactor, 313 Nucleotide phosphates, 694 Null, 120 Number system, 7 Nutrition, thermodynamics of, 705–711 O Oblique shock, 675, 681 Ohm, George Simon, 117 Ohm’s law, 117, 238, 639, 770 Ohms (Ω), 117, 787t Ω (ohm), 117, 787t Onnes, Kamerlingh, 64 Open loop, 470 Brayton cycle, 496f internal combustion engines, 486, 496 Open systems applications first law, 167–198 second law, 279–310 biological systems as, 699 conservation of mass law, 172 defined, 35 flowstream, 105, 168f time derivative, 670 unsteady state processes, 190–197, 297–308 Operating efficiencies, 459–466 Organic compounds, 596, 694–695, 695t Organic fuels, 596–599 Orsat analysis technique, 599 Otto, Nikolaus August, 502 Otto cycle, 502–508 four-stroke isentropic, 503 Oxidation theory, 592 Oxygen poisoning, 416 Ozone layer, 552–554 P Pa (pascal), 787t Paramagnetic materials, 120–121 Parsons, Charles Algernon, 476 Partial differential notation, 58 Partial pressure ratio (π i ), 602 water vapor and dry air, 418f Partial specific properties, 406, 408t enthalpy (ĥ i ), 413 entropy (ŝ i ), 413 heats, 408, 409t internal energy (û i ), 413 volume, mixture of real gases, 413 Partition function, 750–751 Pascal (Pa), 787t Path function, notation, 107 Perkins, Jacob, 542, 542f, 543 Permutation, 745, 747 Phase boundary, 65 Phase diagrams, 65–72 gas-vapor transitions, 72 pressure-volume, 66f, 67f for water, 68, 68f Phase equilibrium, 38 transition, liquid to vapor, 370 Phases of matter, 35–36 Phenomenological equations, 765–767 Phlogiston, 592 Photosynthesis, efficiency of, 701 Piston-cylinder devices, 155–157, 569 Planck, Max, 206, 210, 728 Planck’s constant, 748, 752, 787 Planck’s radiation law, 236 Point function, 107 energy and entropy as, 327 μ J (Joule-Thomson coefficient), 181 Polarization dielectric, 116 vector (P), 118 Polyatomic gases, 756 linear, 756 Polyatomic molecule, nonlinear, 758 Polytropic process, 111 Population model, molecular velocity, 735 Porter, Alfred W., 64 Potential energy (PE), 20–23, 26 effect of height, 174t flowstream, 173–174 Poundal (unit), 11, 26t Pound mole, defined, 14 Power cycles, vapor and gas, 447–527 Power plant, 151–152 as a closed system, 151 example, 151–152 performance, 481 Pressure, units of, 15, 40 Pressure gage, 65 Pressure staging (Rateau), 476, 477f Priestley, Joseph, 560, 592 Prime mover, 449 adiabatic, 516 modern developments, 516–517 Problem statement, 131 basic elements, 101 classification by scenario, 135 classification by unknown, 135 Process path, 39, 39f, 58, 682f, 684f Products, 53, 593 Prony, Gaspard Clair Francois Marie Riche de, 460 Prony brake, 460 Properties defined, 36 values of thermodynamic, 410 Proportionality constants, 10, 11, 743 Proteins, 703, 705 Pseudocritical pressure, 435 Pseudocritical temperature, 435 Pseudo reduced specific volume, 386 Pseudospecific volume, 431, 488 Psychrometrics, 417–420, 440 chart, 421, 421f, 426, 427f enthalpy, 426–430, 427f, 440 psychrometer sling, 421–424, 421f Pure substance, 36, 38, 65 defined, 35 thermodynamic properties of, 58 Pythagoras, 592 Q q (charge), 117 Quality, 72–76 defined, 66 lever rule relation, 225 steam turbine, 469 Quantum numbers, 748 Quantum statistical models, 749–750 Quantum statistical thermodynamics, 747–749 R Radiation heat transfer, 129 Rankine, William John Macquorn, 127, 397, 457 Rankine cycle, 457–459 and Carnot cycle compared, 467f with the ideal working fluid, 482f isenthalpic throttling, 545 isentropic, 461, 487 with regeneration, 469–474, 470f with reheat, 477–480 reversed, 542, 545 reversible, 457, 461 supercritical, 483f with superheat, 466–469 thermal efficiency, 459, 461, 471 thermal efficiency with reheat, 478 Rankine cycle heat engine, 469 thermal efficiency of, 459, 461 Rankine cycle power plant with reheat, 478, 478f Rankine equation, 371
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Modern Engineering Thermodynamics
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Modern Engineering Thermodynamics R
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Dedication WHAT IS AN ENGINEER AND
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Contents PREFACE . . . . . . . . .
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Contents ix 7.6 Heat Engines Runnin
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Contents xi 14.13 Air Standard Gas
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Preface TEXT OBJECTIVES This textbo
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Preface xv Step 5. Write down the b
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Acknowledgments I wish to acknowled
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Resources That Accompany This Book
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List of Symbols A a B COP CR c c p
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Prologue PARIS FRANCE, 10:35 AM, AU
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CHAPTER 1 The Beginning CONTENTS 1.
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1.2 Why Is Thermodynamics Important
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1.3 Getting Answers: A Basic Proble
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1.5 How Do We Measure Things? 7 bei
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1.6 Temperature Units 9 THE DEVELOP
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1.7 Classical Mechanical and Electr
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1.7 Classical Mechanical and Electr
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1.9 Modern Units Systems 15 where M
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1.10 Significant Figures 17 CRITICA
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1.10 Significant Figures 19 WHAT AB
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1.11 Potential and Kinetic Energies
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1.11 Potential and Kinetic Energies
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Summary 25 FIGURE 1.19 Case study 1
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Problems 27 Problems (* indicates p
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Problems 29 14. Determine the mass
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Problems 31 49. Using the CGS units
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CHAPTER 2 Thermodynamic Concepts CO
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2.3 Phases of Matter 35 System boun
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2.4 System States and Thermodynamic
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2.6 Thermodynamic Processes 39 WHAT
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2.7 Pressure and Temperature Scales
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2.9 The Continuum Hypothesis 43 Sur
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2.10 The Balance Concept 45 Solutio
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2.11 The Conservation Concept 47 or
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2.11 The Conservation Concept 49 Th
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Summary 51 change in the mass of X
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Problems 53 Problems (* indicates p
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Problems 55 and Death rate = α 2 +
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CHAPTER 3 Thermodynamic Properties
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3.3 Fun with Mathematics 59 CRITICA
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3.4 Some Exciting New Thermodynamic
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3.6 Enthalpy 63 WHO WAS AMALIE EMMY
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3.7 Phase Diagrams 65 WHO WAS EMMY
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Pressure Vapor 3.7 Phase Diagrams 6
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3.7 Phase Diagrams 69 WHAT IS A “
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3.7 Phase Diagrams 71 considerable
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3.8 Quality 73 10 5 300 C Critical
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3.8 Quality 75 Although Eq. (3.26)
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3.9 Thermodynamic Equations of Stat
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3.10 Thermodynamic Tables 85 Critic
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3.12 Thermodynamic Charts 87 vð100
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3.13 Thermodynamic Property Softwar
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Summary 91 and e = E/m = u + V2 2g
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Problems 93 c. For a saturated mixt
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Problems 95 specific enthalpy of sa
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Problems 97 Table 3.23 Problem 65 M
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CHAPTER 4 The First Law of Thermody
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4.3 The First Law of Thermodynamics
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4.3 The First Law of Thermodynamics
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4.4 Energy Transport Mechanisms 105
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4.5 Point and Path Functions 107 4.
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4.6 Mechanical Work Modes of Energy
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4.7 Nonmechanical Work Modes of Ene
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4.9 Work Efficiency 125 In the case
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4.12 Heat Modes of Energy Transport
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4.13 Heat Transfer Modes 129 Table
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4.14 A Thermodynamic Problem Solvin
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4.14 A Thermodynamic Problem Solvin
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4.15 How to Write a Thermodynamics
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4.15 How to Write a Thermodynamics
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Summary 139 The general open system
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Problems 141 11.* Determine the hea
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Problems 143 where K = 0.810 lbf. D
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Problems 145 Table 4.12 Problem 67
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CHAPTER 5 First Law Closed System A
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5.2 Sealed, Rigid Containers 149 In
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5.4 Power Plants 151 Step 7. Calcul
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5.5 Incompressible Liquids 153 The
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1Q 2 − 1 W 2 = mðu 2 − u 1 Þ
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5.8 Closed System Unsteady State Pr
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5.9 The Explosive Energy of Pressur
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Problems 161 Problems (* indicates
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Problems 163 31. A thermoelectric g
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Problems 165 where v, T, and r are
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CHAPTER 6 First Law Open System App
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6.2 Mass Flow Energy Transport 169
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6.3 Conservation of Energy and Cons
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6.4 Flow Stream Specific Kinetic an
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6.5 Nozzles and Diffusers 175 m (a)
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6.5 Nozzles and Diffusers 177 We ar
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6.6 Throttling Devices 179 These as
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6.6 Throttling Devices 181 For an i
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6.7 Throttling Calorimeter 183 The
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6.8 Heat Exchangers 185 Convective
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6.9 Shaft Work Machines 187 6.9 SHA
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6.9 Shaft Work Machines 189 1 Basem
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6.10 Open System Unsteady State Pro
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Problems 197 we have _m R / _m D =
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Problems 201 32.* A commercial slid
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Summary 203 59. Incompressible liqu
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CHAPTER 7 Second Law of Thermodynam
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7.3 The Second Law of Thermodynamic
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7.4 Carnot’s Heat Engine and the
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7.4 Carnot’s Heat Engine and the
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7.5 The Absolute Temperature Scale
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7.5 The Absolute Temperature Scale
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7.6 Heat Engines Running Backward 2
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7.7 Clausius’s Definition of Entr
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7.8 Numerical Values for Entropy 22
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7.10 Differential Entropy Balance 2
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7.11 Heat Transport of Entropy 229
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7.13 Entropy Production Mechanisms
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7.14 Heat Transfer Production of En
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7.15 Work Mode Production of Entrop
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7.15 Work Mode Production of Entrop
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7.16 Phase Change Entropy Productio
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Summary 241 ■ Indirect method inv
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Problems 243 amount of work W irr i
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Problems 245 a. If the heat pump is
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Problems 247 51. Develop a program
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CHAPTER 8 Second Law Closed System
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8.2 Systems Undergoing Reversible P
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8.3 Systems Undergoing Irreversible
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8.4 Diffusional Mixing 271 Exercise
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Summary 273 Note that this example
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Problems 275 15. A 20.0 ft 3 tank c
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Problems 277 46. a. Determine a for
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CHAPTER 9 Second Law Open System Ap
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9.4 Open System Entropy Balance Equ
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9.4 Open System Entropy Balance Equ
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9.5 Nozzles, Diffusers, and Throttl
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9.5 Nozzles, Diffusers, and Throttl
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9.6 Heat Exchangers 289 Exercises 1
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9.6 Heat Exchangers 291 (T H ) (T H
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9.7 Mixing 293 Now, _m air is given
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9.7 Mixing 295 Critical value of y,
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9.9 Unsteady State Processes in Ope
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Problems 309 Multiplying this equat
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Problems 311 entropy production rat
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Problems 313 heat is added to the b
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Problems 315 55.* Determine the max
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Problems 317 The cavitation process
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CHAPTER 10 Availability Analysis CO
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10.3 What Are Conservative Forces?
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10.6 Availability 323 WHAT IS A SYS
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10.6 Availability 325 and the total
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10.7 Closed System Availability Bal
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10.7 Closed System Availability Bal
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10.8 Flow Availability 331 EXAMPLE
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s − s 0 = c ln T T 0 10.8 Flow Av
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10.10 Modified Availability Rate Ba
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10.10 Modified Availability Rate Ba
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10.11 Energy Efficiency Based on th
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Summary 351 In this problem, we hav
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Summary 353 7. The general open sys
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Problems 355 12.5 Btu/hr·ft ·R. I
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Problems 357 flow rate of 15.0 lbm/
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Problems 359 85. Create a specific
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CHAPTER 11 More Thermodynamic Relat
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11.2 Two New Properties: Helmholtz
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11.2 Two New Properties: Helmholtz
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11.4 Maxwell Equations 367 11.4 MAX
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11.4 Maxwell Equations 369 then,
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11.5 The Clapeyron Equation 371 and
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11.6 Determining u, h, and s from p
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11.7 Constructing Tables and Charts
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11.8 Thermodynamic Charts 381 so th
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11.9 Gas Tables 383 where p r is th
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11.10 Compressibility Factor and Ge
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11.11 Is Steam Ever an Ideal Gas? 3
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Summary 399 equation, and a series
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Problems 401 20.* Estimate h fg for
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Problems 403 Design Problems The fo
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CHAPTER 12 Mixtures of Gases and Va
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12.2 Thermodynamic Properties of Ga
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12.3 Mixtures of Ideal Gases 413 Th
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12.3 Mixtures of Ideal Gases 415 Co
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12.4 Psychrometrics 417 Finally, th
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12.4 Psychrometrics 419 EXAMPLE 12.
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12.6 The Sling Psychrometer 421 The
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12.6 The Sling Psychrometer 423 p w
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12.7 Air Conditioning 425 WHAT ENVI
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12.8 Psychrometric Enthalpies 427 E
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12.8 Psychrometric Enthalpies 429 o
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12.9 Mixtures of Real Gases 431 Whe
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12.9 Mixtures of Real Gases 433 and
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12.9 Mixtures of Real Gases 435 The
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12.9 Mixtures of Real Gases 437 Sol
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Summary 439 Last, we combine Dalton
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Problems 443 exhaust gas is an idea
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Problems 445 57.* Cooling towers ar
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CHAPTER 13 Vapor and Gas Power Cycl
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13.2 Part I. Engines and Vapor Powe
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13.4 Rankine Cycle 457 A B Reversib
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13.5 Operating Efficiencies 459 For
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13.5 Operating Efficiencies 461 13.
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13.5 Operating Efficiencies 463 b.
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13.5 Operating Efficiencies 465 Sta
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13.6 Rankine Cycle with Superheat 4
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13.7 Rankine Cycle with Regeneratio
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13.8 The Development of the Steam T
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13.9 Rankine Cycle with Reheat 477
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13.9 Rankine Cycle with Reheat 479
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13.10 Modern Steam Power Plants 481
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13.12 Air Standard Power Cycles 487
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13.13 Stirling Cycle 489 Q H 4 1 4
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13.14 Ericsson Cycle 491 Q H 4 1 3
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13.15 Lenoir Cycle 493 Exercises 28
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13.16 Brayton Cycle 495 Solution Us
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13.16 Brayton Cycle 497 Equation (7
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13.17 Aircraft Gas Turbine Engines
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13.17 Aircraft Gas Turbine Engines
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13.18 Otto Cycle 503 T Q H 1 1 1 v
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13.18 Otto Cycle 505 Exercises 40.
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13.18 Otto Cycle 507 and, since the
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13.20 Miller Cycle 509 13.19.1 Mode
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13.20 Miller Cycle 511 Then, from F
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13.21 Diesel Cycle 513 to stroll on
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13.21 Diesel Cycle 515 Solution a.
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13.22 Modern Prime Mover Developmen
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13.23 Second Law Analysis of Vapor
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Summary 525 Fill port 160 mm End of
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Problems 527 7. The thermal efficie
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efficiency increase if the condense
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Problems 531 horsepower hour. Assum
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Problems 533 72. Determine the valu
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CHAPTER 14 Vapor and Gas Refrigerat
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14.3 Carnot Refrigeration Cycle 537
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14.4 In the Beginning There Was Ice
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14.4 In the Beginning There Was Ice
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14.5 Vapor-Compression Refrigeratio
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14.5 Vapor-Compression Refrigeratio
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14.6 Refrigerants 547 T 3 2s 2 p 3
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14.7 Refrigerant Numbers 549 14.7 R
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14.7 Refrigerant Numbers 551 R-110
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14.8 CFCs and the Ozone Layer 553 H
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14.9 Cascade and Multistage Vapor-C
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14.10 Absorption Refrigeration 561
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14.11 Commercial and Household Refr
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14.14 Reversed Brayton Cycle Refrig
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14.14 Reversed Brayton Cycle Refrig
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14.15 Reversed Stirling Cycle Refri
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14.16 Miscellaneous Refrigeration T
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14.16 Miscellaneous Refrigeration T
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14.18 Second Law Analysis of Refrig
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14.18 Second Law Analysis of Refrig
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2. The coefficient of performance o
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Problems 585 13.* A refrigeration u
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Problems 587 Loop B Station 1B Stat
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Problems 589 under these conditions
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CHAPTER 15 Chemical Thermodynamics
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15.2 Stoichiometric Equations 593 1
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15.2 Stoichiometric Equations 595 C
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15.3 Organic Fuels 597 ANSWERS SOME
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15.4 Fuel Modeling 599 Hydrocarbon
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15.4 Fuel Modeling 601 equation, si
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15.5 Standard Reference State 603 I
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15.6 Heat of Formation 605 and H 2
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15.7 Heat of Reaction 607 EXAMPLE 1
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15.7 Heat of Reaction 609 CRITICAL
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15.7 Heat of Reaction 611 Then, h P
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15.8 Adiabatic Flame Temperature 61
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15.9 Maximum Explosion Pressure 619
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15.10 Entropy Production in Chemica
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15.10 Entropy Production in Chemica
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15.11 Entropy of Formation and Gibb
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15.12 Chemical Equilibrium and Diss
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H 2 O !ð1 − yÞH 2 O + yðv H2
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15.14 The van’t Hoff Equation 635
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15.15 Fuel Cells 637 Anode Electrol
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15.15 Fuel Cells 639 The maximum po
Page 666 and 667:
15.16 Chemical Availability 641 and
Page 668 and 669:
ðn i /n fuel Þðc pi Þ E system
Page 670 and 671:
Problems 645 where j = 4n + m kgmol
Page 672 and 673:
Problems 647 c. The percent excess
Page 674 and 675:
Problems 649 77. Determine the mola
Page 676 and 677:
CHAPTER 16 Compressible Fluid Flow
Page 678 and 679:
16.3 Isentropic Stagnation Properti
Page 680 and 681:
16.4 The Mach Number 655 Note that
Page 682 and 683:
16.4 The Mach Number 657 Table 16.1
Page 684 and 685:
16.4 The Mach Number 659 Since for
Page 686 and 687:
16.5 Converging-Diverging Flows 661
Page 688 and 689:
16.5 Converging-Diverging Flows 663
Page 690 and 691:
16.6 Choked Flow 665 T a a p a = co
Page 692 and 693:
16.6 Choked Flow 667 Exercises 16.
Page 694 and 695:
16.7 Reynolds Transport Theorem 669
Page 696 and 697:
16.7 Reynolds Transport Theorem 671
Page 698 and 699:
16.8 Linear Momentum Rate Balance 6
Page 700 and 701:
16.9 Shock Waves 675 16.9 SHOCK WAV
Page 702 and 703:
16.9 Shock Waves 677 and, for an id
Page 704 and 705:
16.9 Shock Waves 679 6 5 4 S P /(m
Page 706 and 707:
16.10 Nozzle and Diffuser Efficienc
Page 708 and 709:
16.10 Nozzle and Diffuser Efficienc
Page 710 and 711:
Summary 685 Since for a diffuser, M
Page 712 and 713:
Page 714 and 715:
43. 0.800 lbm/s of air passes throu
Page 716 and 717:
Problems 691 A plot of this functio
Page 718 and 719:
CHAPTER 17 Thermodynamics of Biolog
Page 720 and 721:
17.3 Thermodynamics of Biological C
Page 722 and 723:
17.3 Thermodynamics of Biological C
Page 724 and 725:
17.4 Energy Conversion Efficiency o
Page 726 and 727:
17.4 Energy Conversion Efficiency o
Page 728 and 729:
17.5 Metabolism 703 Table 17.3 Brea
Page 730 and 731:
17.6 Thermodynamics of Nutrition an
Page 732 and 733:
Page 734 and 735:
Page 736 and 737:
17.7 Limits to Biological Growth 71
Page 738 and 739:
17.7 Limits to Biological Growth 71
Page 740 and 741:
17.8 Locomotion Transport Number 71
Page 742 and 743:
17.9 Thermodynamics of Aging and De
Page 744 and 745:
17.9 Thermodynamics of Aging and De
Page 746 and 747:
1/3 V most efficient = P o ρAC D S
Page 748 and 749:
Problems 723 a. If the monster cons
Page 750 and 751:
Problems 725 the officer asks Paul
Page 752 and 753:
CHAPTER 18 Introduction to Statisti
Page 754 and 755:
18.3 Kinetic Theory of Gases 729 3.
Page 756 and 757:
U trans = 3 2 NkT (Continued ) 18.3
Page 758 and 759:
18.4 Intermolecular Collisions 733
Page 760 and 761:
18.5 Molecular Velocity Distributio
Page 762 and 763:
18.5 Molecular Velocity Distributio
Page 764 and 765:
18.6 Equipartition of Energy 739 We
Page 766 and 767:
18.7 Introduction to Mathematical P
Page 768 and 769:
Page 770 and 771:
Page 772 and 773: 18.8 Quantum Statistical Thermodyna
Page 774 and 775: 18.9 Three Classical Quantum Statis
Page 776 and 777: 18.11 Monatomic Maxwell-Boltzmann G
Page 778 and 779: 18.12 Diatomic Maxwell-Boltzmann Ga
Page 780 and 781: 18.12 Diatomic Maxwell-Boltzmann Ga
Page 782 and 783: 18.13 Polyatomic Maxwell-Boltzmann
Page 784 and 785: Summary 759 In this chapter, we sum
Page 786 and 787: Problems 761 4. Find the temperatur
Page 788 and 789: CHAPTER 19 Introduction to Coupled
Page 790 and 791: 19.3 Linear Phenomenological Equati
Page 792 and 793: 19.4 Thermoelectric Coupling 767 Eq
Page 794 and 795: 19.4 Thermoelectric Coupling 769 Th
Page 796 and 797: 19.4 Thermoelectric Coupling 771 wh
Page 798 and 799: 19.4 Thermoelectric Coupling 773 Th
Page 800 and 801: 19.4 Thermoelectric Coupling 775 b.
Page 802 and 803: 19.5 Thermomechanical Coupling 777
Page 808 and 809: water), it seems reasonable that li
Page 810 and 811: Problems 785 b. For a Knudson gas,
Page 812 and 813: Appendix A: Physical Constants and
Page 814 and 815: Appendix B: Greek and Latin Origins
Page 816 and 817: Appendix B 791 Table B.4 Plural End
Page 818 and 819: Index Page numbers followed by f in
Page 820 and 821: Index 795 E e (specific energy), 10
Page 824 and 825: Index 799 Ranque, Georges Joseph, 3
Page 826 and 827: Index 801 William III, King of Engl
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Modern Engineering Thermodynamics

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