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SL text will have to be dismantled in the sense that all lurking
ambiguities regarding word or group (phrasal, sentential, clausal,
and/or discoursal/textual) configurations will have to be resolved.
Correspondences will have to be defined, detected, and pinpointed
before they are compared to their equivalent or non-equivalent)
counterparts in the translated text. It is through the contrastive
analysis of various types of correspondences in both the ST and the TT
that any qualitative statements on translation could be made. Since
the obligatory or logical meaning constitutes the nucleus of the text,
appropriate emphasis will be laid on the correspondences appertaining
to this category. Correspondences will be classified into three major
types: morphological, syntactic, and lexical. Phonological
correspondences are important in so far as transliteration and/or
phonetic transcription of foreign elements (mostly proper names and
names of objects) are concerned. Difficulties arise when the receptor
language sound system does not possess a particular sound or sounds
already installed in the source language sound system. This is
exemplified when we compare both the Arabic and the English sound
systems. The Arabic sounds represented by the letters 1. 7 and
are completely non-existent in the English sound system. In
consequence, the translator will have recourse to the closest
phonological English correspondent if any; otherwise he will have to
manufacture his own phonological symbol to match the original Arabic
sound. Conversely, the English sounds 'p' (either aspirated or non-
aspirated) and 'v' do not exist in the Arabic sound system. To solve
this problem, the translator is bound to adjust the orthographic
representation of either sound to match the original English sound.
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