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specific clause type in the receptor langauge as well as its
frequency of occurrence, for a less- or non-frequent clause type
will miscarry the communication load of the original.
Discourses are not structured casually or haphazardly.
Word combination does not end up with the sentence. It stretches
ovar a long sequence of sentences which is commonly called
discourse. Discourses are categorically classified into formal or
non-formal; casual or non-casual. Conversation is usually casual
whereas poetry, which is a highly structured type of discourse, is
noncausal. Narrative and exposition are more formal than
declamation which is far more informal than conversation. A
declamatory discourse is the least translatable because it involves
bodily movements and gestures which are markers not easily
reproducible in the receptor langauge. Nida (1964) draws special
attention to markers in sentence sequences. He maintains that
sentence markers in continued discourses consist of: (a)
transitional conjunctions or adverbs, eg. 'therefore', 'moreover',
'furthermore', 'then'; (b) special forms of verbs, to indicate that
the clause in question is dependent upon some other clause or
sentence; and (c) pronominal forms, which indicate that the subject
or object person involved is the same as, or different from, the
corresponding form in a preceding or following sentence. Markers
of sentence sequences in various types of discourse distinguish
between spatial, temporal, and logical relationships. Spatial
relations are marked by special participles, eg. prepositions such
as 'in, on, at, by, around, through... etc.'; expressions of
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