Iv - University of Salford Institutional Repository

will be easy for the translator to seek correspondent terms in the
receptor langauge. Even if the receptor langauge was too
impoverished or inflexible to assimilate or rehabilitate a foreign
technical term, a wholesale transcription of the foreign element
would certainly be the best possible alternative. For instance,
the Arabic verbal phrase, 'yishavyik' (used in the Gulf countries
to mean 'revise' or 'control') is borrowed from the English
infinitive 'to check'. However, the Arabic importation had to
undergo some slight modifications with regard to the sound
symbolism it carries in order to be compatible with the Arabic
sound reproduction rules. The sound similarities occur in the
recurrence of the two sounds and 'k' though the English
affricate l tZ' being _ existent in the Arabic sounds system, was
replaced by the Arabic fricative ', its closest phonetic
counterpart. Another minor modification, but quite essential for
the phonological constitution of the Arabic equivalent, is the
substitution of the Arabic double-consonantal sound 'yy' for the
English central vowel sound 'e'; an attribute which made it
accessible for the Arabic equivalent verb to be conjugatable into
present, past, and future.
Obligatory meaning can be extracted by identifying the
linguistic structures which designate actions, events, and/or
participants. Not only that; but the grammatical structures which
determine and influence the interrelationships holding between
actions, events, and participants must be taken into consideration.
For instance, the subject/predicate relationship, the subject/verb
134