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160 - Anestesia Casos Clínicos Capítulo VIII - Anestesia em Pediatria5. Qual a conduta diante de um broncoespasmo intra-operatório?Na vigência de um broncoespasmo intra-operatório, o albuterol de frasco dosador deve ser administradodentro da sonda traqueal, através de um cateter mais fino que esta, saindo do dosador e indo até a partedistal da sonda traqueal. Essa manobra aumenta em mais de 10 vezes a quantidade de albuterol que chegaà traquéia (2,5 a 12,3% da dose total liberada).A administração de cetamina (0,5 a 2 mg.Kg -1 ) é uma forma rápida de aprofundar a <strong>anestesia</strong>; aumento daconcentração do anestésico inalatório deve ser feito, preservando, no entanto, a estabilidade hemodinâmica.Hidrocortisona ou metilprednisolona (acima de 2 mg.Kg -1 ) deve ser administrado para evitar broncoespasmopós-operatório.No broncoespasmo sem remissão com o tratamento acima, pode-se administrar adrenalina ou terbutalina (IVou subcutâneas) ou ainda isoproterenol IV.LEITURAS RECOMENDADAS:1. Alalami AA, Ayoub CM, Baraka AS – Laryngospasm: review of different prevention and treatment modalities. PediatrAnesth, 2008;18:281-288.2. Anderson BJ - Pediatric models for adult target-controlled infusion pumps. Pediatr Anesth, 2010;20:223-2323. Anderson BJ, Hodkinson B - Are there still limitations for the use of target-controlled infusion in children? Curr OpinAnaesthesiol, 2010;23:356-362.4. Apfel CC, Korttila K, Abdalla M et al. - A factorial trial of six interventions for the prevention of postoperative nausea andvomiting. N Engl J Med, 2004;350:2441-2451.5. Apfel CC, Malhotra A, Leslie JB - The role of neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists for the management of postoperativenausea and vomiting. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol, 2008;21:427-432.6. Batti MACS - Alergia ao látex. Rev Bras Anestesiol, 2003;53:555-560.7. Bell C - Anesthesia for Gastrointestinal Disorders, em: Bell C, Kain ZN – The Pediatric Anesthesia Handbook, 2 nd Ed, St.Louis, Mosby, 1997;250-251.8. Bell C - The Urgent Operative Patient, em: Bell C, Kain ZN – The Pediatric Anesthesia Handbook, 2 nd Ed, St. Louis,Mosby, 1997;250-251.9. Capan LM, Miller SM – Trauma and Burns, em: Barash PG, Cullen BF, Stoelting RK - Clinical Anesthesia, 5 th Ed,Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006;1279-1297.10. Carvalho WA, Vianna PTG, Braz JRC - Náuseas e vômitos em <strong>anestesia</strong>: fisiopatologia e tratamento. Rev BrasAnestesiol 1999;49:65-79.11. Constant I, Rigouzzo A - Which model for propofol TCI in children. Pediatr Anesth, 2010;20:233-239.12. Coté CJ - Pediatric Anesthesia, em: Miller RD - Miller’s Anethesia, 7 th Ed, Philadelphia, Churchill Livingstone,2009;2559-2597.13. Coté CJ – Anesthesia for Children with Burns, em: Motoyama EK, Davis PJ – Smith’s Anesthesia for Infants andChildren, 6 th Ed, St Louis, Mosby, 1996:771-783.14. Dahmani S, Stany I, Brasher C et al. - Pharmacological prevention of sevoflurane and desflurane related emergenceagitation in children: a meta-analysis of published studies. Br J Anaesth, 2010;104:216-223.15. Dalens BJ - Regional Anesthesia in Children, em: Miller RD - Miller’s Anethesia, 7 th Ed, Philadelphia, ChurchillLivingstone, 2009;2519-2557.

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