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institucionalne promene kao determinanta privrednog razvoja srbije

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VELIČINA I OTVORENOST PRIVREDE KAO DETERMINANTE<br />

REŽIMA DEVIZNOG KURSA TRANZICIONIH ZEMALJA<br />

Dr Nenad Stanišić, ∗ Mr Nenad Janković*<br />

Apstrakt: U dobroj meri ilustrujući pravilo da nema režima deviznog kursa koji odgovara<br />

svim zemljama podjednako, evropske tranzicione zemlje su se odlučivale za čitav niz<br />

mogućih opcija, od potpuno fluktuirajućeg kursa, s jedne strane, do valutnog odbora i<br />

prihvatanja evra, s druge. Pritom, u skladu sa pravilom da isti režim deviznog kursa ne<br />

može odgovarati u različitim okolnostima, mnoge zemlje su tokom tranzicije menjale svoj<br />

izbor, često i više puta. Cilj ovog rada je da predstavi navedene izbore i <strong>promene</strong> režima<br />

deviznog kursa, ali pre svega da uz pomoć empirijske analize utvrdi koliki je značaj<br />

pojedinih determinanti, <strong>kao</strong> što su veličina i otvorenost privrede, na izbor režima deviznog<br />

kursa. Srbiji, <strong>kao</strong> maloj zemlji u tranziciji koja se sve više otvara ka svetu, adekvatan izbor<br />

režima deviznog kursa može biti izuzetno značajan za privredni razvoj u narednom<br />

periodu.<br />

Ključne reči: režim deviznog kursa, veličina privrede, trgovinska otvorenost, tranzicione<br />

zemlje.<br />

THE SIZE AND OPENNESS OF THE ECONOMY AS DETERMINANTS OF<br />

EXCHANGE RATE REGIMES IN TRANSITIONAL ECONOMIES<br />

Abstract: According to the rule that there is no single exchange rate regime which is<br />

equally good for all countries, European transition countries have applied the wide range<br />

of possible regimes, from freely floating to currency board and euroization. On the top of<br />

that, many countries had changed the regime through the transition period, even several<br />

times, illustrating the rule that there is no single regime that is good in all circumstances.<br />

The objectives of this paper is to discuss the choices and changes of exchange rate regimes,<br />

and to empirically determine the significance of certain determinants, as are size and<br />

openness of the economy, for the choice of exchange rate regimes. For Serbia, small<br />

transitional economy with growing openness to the world market, the adequate choice of<br />

exchange rate regime could significantly contribute to further economic development.<br />

Keywords: exchange rate regime, size of economy, trade openness, transition economies<br />

∗ Univerzitet u Kragujevcu, Ekonomski fakultet

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