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No common rules, but facilitators<br />

Despite the abovementioned suggestions, experts agreed that there are no general<br />

guidelines to determine which marketing action will be successful and which will not. Even<br />

specialists (radio, marketing, regional newspaper) cannot always estimate the success or<br />

failure of their created actions in advance. Albeit there are conditions that are perceived as<br />

supportive:<br />

Activation: things that activate work: a call to action, a call to share, a game, a voucher,<br />

etc.<br />

Combination: combine offline with online strategies and create in this way buzz. If your<br />

SME or event was in the (local) newspaper, or on TV, or when you are sponsoring<br />

somewhere, just share it on Facebook, or include photos on your website or in your<br />

newsletter.<br />

Seek for local recognition, engagement and word of mouth: neighbors or local<br />

customers like to recognize their store or local SME on television and will talk to you<br />

(and others!) about it. This reasoning can also be applied on the positive effects of a<br />

striking or salient logo, sign or an attractive shop window.<br />

First define achievable objectives/goals and target the right audience, before choosing a<br />

marketing campaign in congruence with these goals/targets. For instance, it does not<br />

make sense to focus on extra brand awareness if you're already known by 98% of the<br />

public. Another example: if you want a younger customer base, you could organize a<br />

workshop "making gingerbread” for parents with young children, or give a substantial<br />

discount on the ‘1 st birthday’ cake of a young child. Putting an announcement in the<br />

local newspaper would be the right marketing action when you will have an open house<br />

day.<br />

Keep track of the learnings<br />

Enterprises can learn a lot by actively recording “learnings”. Large companies make their<br />

knowledge explicit and keep track of their data, expenses, gains and statistics in a sheet or<br />

document. They create a list including past successes and failures, as well as the conditions<br />

and reasons why. SMEs also possess this kind of knowledge, but rather intuitively and tacitly<br />

and on the basis of “gut feeling”. They know for example that sponsorship feels as a waste<br />

of money, or a fair does not result in the expected values (turnover, new customers). They,<br />

however, do not have the money and the time to keep track of the objective data. However,<br />

according to our experts, they should write this information down at least.<br />

ROI: current state<br />

Academics and experts have a theoretical idea about how companies could measure the<br />

profitability of their marketing campaigns with (a) tool(s). Some companies already employ<br />

such tools, whether based on a simple Excel sheet, or on sophisticated (statistical) programs<br />

such as SPSS, Tableau, QlikView or ERP packages. However, many (small) companies do not<br />

use such tools, although they keep track of some simple, concrete elements like the stack of<br />

coupons, or the actual number of visitors at a fair or open house day.<br />

ROI: a jumble of elements and metrics?<br />

The core elements of a ROI tool are costs and revenues. However, (a) both elements result<br />

in different definitions and calculation methods. Furthermore, (b) there is no one-to-one<br />

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