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Air pollution passes into other spheres in many different and complex ways, most of them
have not been established yet. Most important that atmosphere, perhaps as the most
vulnerable part of the ecosystem, is under serious threat. An obvious example is acid rain,
which leads to the formation of inefficient handling process due to the emission treatment
systems. Because of that, many chemicals and other particulate matters that are being
relieased into the environment, returns into the acid rain form by making damage to the
environment and human health. As well as having more emission makes a negative impact
on the company‘s activities, because relying on international standards and regulations,
waste-emissions must seek the limits set out above them or the company has to pay
penalties.
It can be concluded that it is important to analyse not only increasing of cargo handling
indicators and positive tendencies for economics of region and all country, but also it is
important to analyse environmental impacts of cargo handling operations in the seaport
and describe importance to change technological processes by implementation of modern
innovative technologies to cargo handling operations based on green logistics conception.
As statistical data analysis found out, one of the biggest parts of handled cargo is bulk cargo
at Klaipeda seaport and during bulk cargo handling operations dangerous pollutant is dust
and its concentration in the urban territories.
The identification of the areas of dust release during cargo handling operations
The principles of dust concentration managing are relevant in the same level of importance
as they are relevant in the land transportation sector. The main points of dust concentration
generation in the whole logistic chain of dry bulk cargo shipping are cargo handling points:
the first one is logistics business operational region (the point where cargo handlingtraveling
process starts and ends), second one in the marine logistics area (includes such
points as: cargo unloading points, conveyers, warehouses, dry bulk cargo loading points
where cargo is loaded onto ships and so on). Many logistics companies even do not have
enough technological principles to manage dust concentration, which is generated at these
identified bulk cargo-handling points.
Usually cargo-handling equipment is oriented towards highest loading performances. For
economic reasons vessels need to be loaded as quickly as possible. A ship loader itself is
normally a fairly straightforward machine consisting essentially of a belt conveyor supported
by a boom structure, which is capable of traversing, slewing, luffing and telescoping to allow
bulk cargo to be transferred from the quayside, and dropped into the hold of the vessel.
Despite high performances of ship loaders, this type of cargo handling equipment has one
negative side – when material is allowed to free fall at an uncontrolled rate it accelerates
owing to the forces of gravity and as the velocity increases dust particles within the material
separate out and are ejected from the ensuing fast moving airstream. Ship loading in
particular represents a major problem since the boom conveyor is often positioned 20m or
more above the hold floor, resulting in high material terminal velocity and that makes a
perfect condition for processes of dust concentration formation.
At ports, the majority of dry bulk handling operations involves the loading and unloading of
free flowing dry products to and from ocean going vessels. Both operations necessitate a
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