hacktivism: la liberta' nelle maglie della rete - Dvara.Net

essa e altre persone della medesima ti conoscono e ti chiamano hacker,
allora sei un hacker.
La forma mentis dell'hacker non è ristretta all'ambito del softwarehacking.
Ci sono persone che mantengono un atteggiamento da hacker anche in
altri campi, come l'elettronica o la musica - davvero, lo puoi trovare ai
livelli più alti di qualsiasi scienza od arte. I software-hacker
riconoscono questi spiriti affini ovunque e chiamano anche loro 'hacker' -
e qualcuno afferma che lo spirito hacker è totalmente indipendente dal
particolare media in cui l'hacker lavora"11.
1.4. l'etica hacker. formulazioni etiche dagli anni settanta ad oggi
L'etica hacker secondo T. Pittman (1975)
"Deus Ex Machina, or The True Computer-ist"
(one might use the last word interehangeably with "hacker")
(1975)
The computer is more interesting than most people. I love to spend time
with my computer. It is fun to write programs for it, play games on it, and
to build new parts for it. It is fascinating to try to figure out what part
of the program it is in by the way the lights nicker or the radio buzzes.
It beats dull conversation any day.
The computer needs just a little more (memory) (speed) (peripherals)
(better Basic) (newer Cpu) (noise suppression on the bus) (debugging on
this program) (powerful editor) (bigger power supply) before it can do this
or that.
There is no need to buy this software package or that circuitboard; I can
design one better.
Never miss a club meeting. This is where it's at. The juicy little news
bits, the how-to-fixits for the problem that has been bugging me the last
two weeks ... that is the real thing! Besides, they might have some free
software.
L'etica hacker secondo The Jargon File (1975-1996)
1. The belief that information-sharing is a powerful positive good, and
that it is an ethical duty of hackers to share their expertise by writing
open-source and facilitating access to information and to computing
resources wherever possible.
2. The belief that system-cracking for fun and exploration is ethically OK
as long as the cracker commits no theft, vandalism, or breach of
confidentiality.
Both of these normative ethical principles are widely, but by no means
universally, accepted among hackers. Most hackers subscribe to the hacker
ethic in sense 1, and many act on it by writing and giving away open-source
software. A few go further and assert that all information should be free
and any proprietary control of it is bad; this is the philosophy behind the
Gnu project.
Sense 2 is more controversial: some people consider the act of cracking
itself to be unethical, like breaking and entering. But the belief that
ethical cracking excludes destruction at least moderates the behavior of
people who see themselves as 'benign' crackers (see also samurai). On this
view, it may be one of the highest forms of hackerly courtesy to (a) break