K. This is the 1st working draft of vol. VI. It still ... - From Marx to Mao

196 MAO TSE-TUNG
alienation between the army and the people and increase the
affection of the army and the people for one another.
(2) Resolving any feelings of alienation between the lower
and higher ranks of officers and soldiers. The methods employed
are roughly as follows:
(a) Persons engaged in political training, apart from sharing
the good fortune and adversity of the soldiers, should
also frequently chat with the soldiers, carefully investigate
all their deep grieves and report their problems at all times
to their superior officers, and devise methods for improving
the situation.
FROM MARX
TO MAO
(b) As regards all the opinions of higher and lower ranks,
⋆
we should take our stand on a position of pure rational knowledge,
convince them by an attitude of sincere entreaty, and
explain things to them. We must make absolutely certain that
higher and lower ranks unite solidly as one man, and we must
strengthen their capacity to unite.
(c) With respect to soldiers who violate discipline, we
should use educational methods to persuade them. All corporal
punishment and insults must absolutely be reduced.
NOT FOR
COMMERCIAL
(d) We should frequently hold meetings at which offic-
ers and soldiers can enjoy themselves together, in order to
heighten the affection between officers and soldiers.
(3) Augmenting the officers’ and soldiers’ hatred of the enemy,
and increasing their resolve to fight to the death to kill the
enemy. Increasing the common hatred of the enemy is an impor-
DISTRIBUTION
tant factor in strengthening the soldiers’ morale. Consequently,
a guerrilla unit should pay particular attention to all the atrocities
of the enemy, and to all the instances in which he massacres
our army or our people, and carry out propaganda generally
among the army regarding these atrocities, so as to heighten the
courage of the officers and soldiers to fight to the death and
harden their resolve to fight the enemy to the death, since either
we or they must perish.
(4) Strengthening confidence in the inevitable victory of our
war against the enemy. The methods are more or less as follows: