K. This is the 1st working draft of vol. VI. It still ... - From Marx to Mao

ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL PROBLEMS IN THE ANTI-JAPONESE WAR
ment examination, his family status was raised from poor peasant to
middle peasant. He often says: “When I think of the past and then
of the present, how can I forget the benefits of the revolution and of
the Border Region?”
(Our report from Yanan County). Model labour hero, Wu
Manyou, plants crops like any other peasant. Why does he reap more
grain than others? According to the peasants in his village there are
several reasons. First, he gets up earlier than anyone else and goes
to bed later. Before the sky grows light he has fed his cows and
gone up the hill. He only comes back from his land when the sky is
dark. He can really endure hard work. Second, in winter when there
is no work to do, he diligently collects manure. As he also can raise
FROM MARX
TO MAO
sheep and cows, he has more manure than others. On average he
⋆
applies seven pack loads of manure to every 3 mou. Third, when the
crops begin to shoot, some peasants are afraid to go up into the hills.
They do not hoe the weeds or only hoe once at the most. He hoes
twice at least, so his millet naturally grows well. Fourth, he ploughs
deep. Other households plough down 5 inches; he ploughs down 7
inches at least. Fifth, when breaking up the earth, he breaks it finely
and is not careless. Sixth, he always ploughs and sows at the correct
time, neither early nor late. Because of these fine qualities, he
harvests a top yield per 3 mou of 12 tou on the old scale (18 tou on
the market scale) and a NOT low of 4 tou FOR (6 market tou). The average is
6 tou (9 market tou). The average for other peasants is 5 tou (7
market tou). In terms of averages, he is one-sixth better than others.
COMMERCIAL
(Our report from Yanan county.) Model labour hero, Wu Manyou,
is not only a model at growing crops but is also a model citizen.
nest year he harvested 18 market tan of wheat (xiaomai) and 27 market
tan of grains DISTRIBUTION
(equivalent to 16 tan 2 tou of hulled grains). He
paid 14 tan 3 tou in grain tax, 1,000 jin of hay tax, contributed two
lots of 150 yuan to government bonds, and paid 665 yuan cash substitute
for the salt tax. The villagers said to him: “Old Wu, you pay
out too much, cut down a bit! He said: “During the revolution, the
Eighth Route Army protects our Border Region. People at the front
loose blood. All we have to do is sweat a little more. How can you
say ‘Too much’?” Afterwards everyone respected his opinion and
enthusiastically gave grain to the State. This year the upper levels
moved some refugees to live in the village. He lent grain and hoes
to them and helped them find uncultivated land. He also often en-
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