K. This is the 1st working draft of vol. VI. It still ... - From Marx to Mao

400 MAO TSE-TUNG
signed some soldiers and rear-service personnel to establish the
Daguang Textile Mill and the Daguang Soap Factory. Now, there
are “Daguang” products on the market in addition to those they consume
themselves. They set up ten salt-wells in Suide and Nanniwan,
one charcoal-pit, two carpentry factories, three iron-factories, six
mills, eight flour-mills and one oil-press. They also mobilized the
soldiers during their spare time after training to spin woollen thread,
to make various kinds of utensils from willow and elm wands, to
make writing-boards from birch bark, to make vegetable-boxes and
to make lamplighters. This work done by the soldiers not only benefited
the whole, but also profited the individuals. The brigade stipulated
that four-fifths of all the products of handicraft labour done
FROM MARX
TO MAO
using publicly-owned tools should come under public ownership and
⋆
one-fifth should belong to private individuals, and the two-thirds of
that produced not using publicly-owned tools should come under
public ownership and one-third should belong to private individuals.
This method provided commodities for public use and was also
equivalent to raising the soldiers’ pay. (iv) They established a strong
transport undertaking. Now they have a transport team which owns
600 pack mules and is fully engaged in the transport of salt and
goods. Along the road between Suide, Sanbian and Yanan, they have
set up ten stables and settled a group of older and weaker personnel.
(v) Their commercial NOT organ is the FOR Daguang Store, which has ten
branches besides the main shop. The profit in the first nine months
of 1942 was over 6 million yuan. However, this commerce only
makes up 10 per cent COMMERCIAL
of the brigade’s total production of 60 million
yuan (at Yanan market-prices). (vi) The brigade has implemented a
unified production plan, and regulations for production and supply.
The production plan for the whole brigade is fixed by the brigade
headquarters. Some DISTRIBUTION
undertakings are directly run by the brigade
headquarters, such as large-scale industry, transport and commerce.
Others are run by the regiments and companies, such as agriculture,
animal husbandry, small industry and commerce. Inspections are
carried out at each level from brigade down to individual companies.
The regulations for production are also fixed by the brigade
headquarters. The arrangements for soldiers spinning woollen thread
described above is an example of this. The regulations for supply
also preserve unity. Although the agricultural, industrial transport
and commercial undertakings are each run separately, all expenditure
above a certain level must be approved from above. Lower lev-