K. This is the 1st working draft of vol. VI. It still ... - From Marx to Mao

ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL PROBLEMS IN THE ANTI-JAPANESE WAR
grain. Taking each household as one labour power, there were
1,009 labour powers altogether. One labour power could produce
2 tan of grain, so in total they could increase grain production
by 2,018 tan. After consumption this still left a surplus of
863.5 tan. By the following year these people were in a position
to carry out production by themselves.
(iv) The peasants were urged to help the refugees with seed
and land to work. Seed was repaid after autumn, and a rent paid
for land with the government as guarantor.
(v) The institution of credit for agricultural implements for
refugees was very effective in solving the problem of supplying
tools to open up new lands. If arrangements for any problem
FROM MARX
TO MAO
(food grain, supply of agricultural implements, etc.) were not
⋆
good, the opening up of unused lands could have been impeded.
Therefore it was necessary to solve each problem rapidly and at
the correct time. A delay of one day reduces the amount of land
opened up.
(vi) As for the problem of burdens on the refugees, we resolutely
carried out the decisions of the government of the Border
Region on treating them well. For three years we made no demands
on them, and instead the government helped them solve
all kinds of difficulties. This year the government cadres of the
county, districts, and townships saved 10 tan of grain for issue
to the refugees. While solving the problem of grain for refugees
to eat, Third township in Central district made great efforts to
reduce their burdens.
NOT FOR
COMMERCIAL
(4) Why did the refugees want to come to Yanan?
DISTRIBUTION
(i) We have really solved the difficulties of referees. The
solution of the refugee food-grain problem in 1940 had a particularly
wide influence. In Chuankou District alone 300 tan of
grain was supplied. Therefore many more refugees came in the
year 1941.
(ii) Although government calls had a great impact, the effect
of the refugees themselves telling their own friends, relations
and other social acquaintances of the good treatment they
received was even greater. We found that very few refugees who
came to us had refugee certificates issued by Suide sub-region.
This was because they feared that after having accepted settling-
311