Safety evaluation of certain food additives - ipcs inchem

FURAN-SUBSTITUTED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS 517
Table 4 (contd)
CHO, Chinese hamster ovary; SCE, sister chromatid exchange; UDS, unscheduled DNA synthesis.
a Calculated using relative molecular mass of 2-methylfuran = 82.1.
b With and without metabolic activation.
c Preincubation method.
d Occasional incidences of slight to complete clearing of the background lawn at the higher concentrations.
e Negative at all concentrations with metabolic activation; positive without metabolic activation.
f Clastogenic activity decreased with metabolic activation (statistical significance of results was not specified).
g Calculated using relative molecular mass of 2,5-dimethylfuran = 96.13.
h Positive at every concentration without metabolic activation; with metabolic activation, negative at 190 μg/disc, but positive at higher concentrations.
i Without metabolic activation.
j Calculated using relative molecular mass of 2-furyl methyl ketone = 110.11.
k Positive only in strain TA98 with an increase in the presence of metabolic activation.
l Negative at 550 μg/disc; positive at 5500 and 55 000 μg/disc (with and without metabolic activation).
m Cytotoxicity was observed at 12 398 μg/ml (112.6 mmol/l) in the presence of metabolic activation.
n Clastogenic activity increased with metabolic activation (statistical significance of results was not specified).
o Cytotoxicity was observed at 3333 μg/plate in all S. typhimurium strains and at 2166 μg/plate in S. typhimurium strains TA100 and TA1537.
p Cytotoxicity was observed at the 3330 μg/plate level in all S. typhimurium strains and at 1000 μg/plate in S. typhimurium strains TA100 and TA1535.
q Cytotoxicity was observed at 3330 μg/plate in the absence of metabolic activation.
r 3-h continuous exposure time.
s 24-h continuous exposure time.
t 48-h continuous exposure time.
u With metabolic activation.
v Statistically significant dose-dependent increases in chromosomal aberrations were seen at the two highest concentrations only, 325 and 375 μg/ml.
w Mice received 2-methylfuran in the diet for 5 consecutive days at 24-h intervals.