Safety evaluation of certain food additives - ipcs inchem

FURAN-SUBSTITUTED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS 529
Association, Washington, DC, USA. Submitted to WHO by the International Organization
of the Flavor Industry, Brussels, Belgium.
Maiorino, R.M., Bruce, D.C. & Aposhian, H.V. (1989) Determination and metabolism of dithiol
chelating agents. VI. Isolation and identification of the mixed disulfides of meso-2,3dimercaptosuccinic
acid with l-cysteine in human urine. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 97, 338.
Marnett, L.J., Hurd, H.K., Hollstein, M.C., Levin, D.E., Esterbauer, H. & Ames, B.N. (1985)
Naturally occurring carbonyl compounds are mutagens in Salmonella tester strain TA104.
Mutat. Res., 148, 25–34.
McBain, D.A. & Menn, J.J. (1969) S-Methylation, oxidation, hydroxylation, and conjugation of
thiophenol in the rat. Biochem. Pharmacol., 18(9), 2282–2285.
McGregor, D., Brown, A., Cattanach, P., Edwards, I., McBride, D., Riach, C. & Caspary, W.
(1988) Responses of the L5178Y tk+/tk mouse lymphoma cell forward mutation assay:
III. 72 coded chemicals. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 12, 85–154.
McMurtry, R.J. & Mitchell, J.R. (1977) Renal and hepatic necrosis after metabolic activation
of 2-substituted furans and thiophenes, including furosemide and cephaloridine. Toxicol.
Appl. Pharmacol., 42, 285–300.
Meerts, I.I.A.T.M. (2000) Evaluation of the ability of coffee precursor to induce chromosome
aberrations in cultured peripheral human lymphocytes. Report 301286. Unpublished report
by NOTOX B.V., ’s-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands, for the Flavour and Extract
Manufacturers Association, Washington, DC, USA. Submitted to WHO by the International
Organization of the Flavor Industry, Brussels, Belgium.
Meintières, S. & Marzin, D. (2004) Apoptosis may contribute to false-positive results in the in
vitro micronucleus test performed in extreme osmolality, ionic strength and pH conditions.
Mutat. Res., 560, 101–118.
Moran, E.J., Easterday, O.D. & Oser, B.L. (1980) Acute oral toxicity of selected flavor
chemicals. Drug Chem. Toxicol., 3(3), 249–258.
Moreno, O.M. (1977) Acute oral toxicity in rats (isobutyl furyl propionate). Unpublished report
to the Research Institute of Fragrance Materials, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USA. Submitted to
WHO by the International Organization of the Flavor Industry, Brussels, Belgium.
Morgareidge, K. & Oser, B.L. (1974) 90-day feeding study in rats with 2,5-dimethyl-3thioisovalerylfuran.
Unpublished report to the Flavour and Extract Manufacturers
Association, Washington, DC, USA. Submitted to WHO by the International Organization
of the Flavor Industry, Brussels, Belgium.
Morita, T., Watanabe, Y., Takeda, K. & Okumura, K. (1989) Effects of pH in the in vitro
chromosomal aberration test. Mutat. Res., 225, 55–60.
Mortelmans, K., Haworth, S., Lawlor, T., Speck, W., Tainer, B. & Zeiger, E. (1986)
Salmonella mutagenicity tests: II. Results from the testing of 270 chemicals. Environ.
Mutagen., 8(7), 1–119.
Mugford, C.A., Carfagna, M.A. & Kedderis, G.L. (1997) Furan-mediated uncoupling of hepatic
oxidative phosphorylation in Fischer-344 rats: an early event in cell death. Toxicol. Appl.
Pharmacol., 144, 1–11.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (1979) Criteria for a recommended
standard occupational exposure to furfuryl alcohol. Atlanta, GA, USA, United States
Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
National Toxicology Program (1991) Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of furan (CAS No.
110-00-9) in F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice (gavage studies). Research Triangle Park, NC,
USA, United States Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of
Health, National Toxicology Program (NTP TR-402; PB93-228419).
Nickson, R.M. & Mitchell, S.C. (1994) Fate of dipropyl sulfide and dipropyl sulfoxide in rat.
Xenobiotica, 24(2), 157–168.