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Public Sector Governance and Accountability Series: Budgeting and ...

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viii<br />

Contents<br />

A Simple Way to Underst<strong>and</strong> ABC/M 210<br />

From the Spending View to the Activity <strong>and</strong><br />

Output View 211<br />

ABC/M Is a Cost Assignment Network 212<br />

How Do Cost Drivers Work? 214<br />

Multiple-Stage ABC/M Approach 216<br />

One City’s Benefits from ABC/M 218<br />

Operational ABC/M for Productivity 220<br />

But Our Department Does Not Have Outputs 221<br />

ABC/M Uses (<strong>and</strong> Some Pitfalls) 223<br />

Multiple Views of Costs Are Empowering 225<br />

Realizing True Cost Savings or Future Cost Avoidance 226<br />

Why Change Now? 227<br />

Annex 7A: Case Study 228<br />

Note 233<br />

8<br />

9<br />

Budget Preparation <strong>and</strong> Approval 235<br />

Salvatore Schiavo-Campo<br />

Three Prerequisites for Budget Preparation 236<br />

Bad Practices in Budget Preparation 244<br />

The Budget Preparation Process 252<br />

Division of Roles <strong>and</strong> Responsibilities: Finance<br />

<strong>and</strong> Planning 268<br />

Budget Approval <strong>and</strong> the Role of the Legislature 270<br />

Notes 276<br />

References 277<br />

Budget Execution 279<br />

Daniel Tommasi<br />

The Budget Execution Cycle 280<br />

Controlling Compliance in Budget Execution 284<br />

Managing <strong>and</strong> Monitoring Budget Execution 288<br />

Cash Management 308<br />

Strengthening African Budget Execution Systems 319<br />

Notes 320<br />

References <strong>and</strong> Other Resources 321

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