Том 2 - Тенденции и предизвикателства в развитието на ...

laundering machines, as well as into areas, institutions, that fight againstthem, in order to make them ineffective. The reality of recent yearsproves that there exists a very close link between the world of criminalsand public life, of those in leadership positions, resulting in a world ofinterests which, due to immorality, shady business, the luxury offornication and especially the desire of getting rich, which exploitedevery field of economy. In this world are found people ranging fromowners of restaurants, casinos, profitable companies in key areas andwho have developed businesses from onerous contracts with the state, toowners of hotels, luxury cars, grand buildings to owners of media trustsand TV stations, banks and financial institutions, oil companies and notleast, civil servants.Money orientates itself from the illegal economy in the legal, basedon the ability and performance of the financial system to transfer capitaland assets in large quantities in short time, especially in the currentcontext of globalization and more so as these actions by volume, are veryprofitable for the involved financial institutions. "The need to launderillicit gains and investment income from criminal activities, has led toincreased internationalization of banking and financial crime andorganized criminal groups that practice it in search of other countries andsystems to ensure privacy safeguards ".Analyzing the sources of provenance of the amounts subject torecycling, noted in the 2009 Activity Report of the National Office forPreventing and Combating Money Laundering, it appears that the mostvulnerable areas of activity are: domestic trade (48%), real estate (13%),foreign trade (12%) and services (8%).Currently, many financial intermediaries provide services similar tothose traditionally offered by banks. To circumvent measures againstmoney laundering, criminal organizations are focusing their efforts onnon-banking sector (financial investment companies, insurancecompanies, currency exchange, non-bank financial institutions - NBFIs,pawn shops) but also to non-financial institutions (casinos, real estateagents). Many times in order to provide specialized professionalexpertise, they resort to consulting law firms, accountancy or taxadvisors.282