Том 2 - Тенденции и предизвикателства в развитието на ...

traffic from 6 to 10 % and of goods traffic from 8 to 15 %;Opening up rail transport to regulated competition — which startedproperly in 2003 when international goods services on the 50 000-kilometre trans-European rail freight network are opened up — is thecentral precondition for revitalising the railways. By 2008 the entireEuropean international freight network opened up completely, thanks, inparticular, to the determination of the European Parliament. 274 The arrivalof new railway companies from other backgrounds, with solid experienceof logistics and intermodal integration, must make this sector morecompetitive and encourage the national companies to restructure whilealso taking social issues and working conditions into account. Thisrestructuring will thus need to include accompanying measures tominimise its social impact. 275THE RAILWAYS OF R. MACEDONIARailway transport in the Republic of Macedonia is performedthrough a network of 699 km open rail lines, 226 km station and 102 kmindustrial rail tracks. The lines: Tabanovce-Skopje-Gevgelia (213.5 km),General Jankovic-Skopje (31.7 km) and Veles-Bitola-Kremenica (145.6km), apart from national transport, also have international character. Outof the total railway network, 231 km (Tabanovce-Skopje-Gevgelia), orclose to 33% open lines and 83 km station lines are electrified. Railway274275In this document signed by the International Union of Railways (UIR), the Communityof European Railways (CER), the International Union of Public Transport(IUPT) and the Union of European Railway Industries (UNIFE)Case study for improve rail system in Europe:New operators BASF, the German chemicals giant, is becoming the first major railfreight operator to join the traditional companies, with the aid of ‘Rail4Chem’, a jointventure which it has launched with Bertschi AG, Hoyer GmbH and VTG-LehnkeringAG.The Swedish group IKEA recently set up a separate company to manage the transportof its own goods. At the moment, 18 % of them are carried by rail. IKEA’s managementwants to raise this to 40 % by 2006 (equivalent to around 500 trains a week). Inthis context, IKEA plans to publish a call for tenders for railway companies to carrygoods between its different subsidiaries — at the lowest cost and giving the bestguarantees. In the long term, IKEA could seize the opportunity offered by this openingof the European market to become a major rail company.338