Feasibility Study and Technical Report - Pretivm

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13.0 MINERAL PROCESSING AND METALLURICALTESTING13.1 INTRODUCTIONSeveral testing programs were completed to investigate the metallurgical performance ofthe Brucejack mineralization, including recent test work conducted between 2009 andearly 2013, and historical test work conducted between 1988 and 1990 for thefeasibility study by CESL Limited (CESL) (1990).After 2009, metallurgical test work was conducted on mineral samples from the VOKZone, the West Zone, and adjacent mineralization deposits such as the Galena Hill Zoneand the Gossan Hill (R8) Zone. This study focuses on the mineralization of the VOK Zoneand the West Zone.Gold and silver are the key economic metals in the mineralization of the Project. Themetallurgical test programs conducted after 2009 include head sample characteristics,gravity concentration, gold/silver bulk flotation, cyanidation, and the determination ofvarious process related parameters. Early test work, after 2009, focused on developingthe flowsheet of gravity concentration, bulk flotation, and flotation concentratecyanidation. This test work also examined the metallurgical responses to the flowsheetof gravity concentration followed by whole ore leaching. Later test work concentrated onthe gravity-flotation concentration flowsheet.Comprehensive metallurgical test work programs were conducted in 2012 and 2013 tosupport the feasibility study; this test work focused on assessing the metallurgicalperformance of the West Zone and the VOK Zone mineralization. The main testingprograms are summarized in Table 13.1. Although cyanidation is not proposed for thisstudy, the results from the test programs are also summarized in this section.Table 13.1Major Metallurgical Testing ProgramsYear Program ID Laboratory ** Gravity Flotation Grindability Cyanidation Others2013 1208011 Inspectorate √ √ √ √ √2012 11489 Hazen - - √ - -2012 KRTS20734-A Knelson √ - - - -2012 MS1399 Met-Solve √ - - - -2012 - Pocock - - - - √2012 12012 JZM √2012 1106811 Inspectorate √ √ √ √ √table continues…Pretium Resources Inc. 13-1 1291990200-REP-R0012-02Feasibility Study and Technical Report on the BrucejackProject, Stewart, BC
Year Program ID Laboratory ** Gravity Flotation Grindability Cyanidation Others2010-2011 1004608 Inspectorate √ √ √ √ -2009-2010 0906609 Inspectorate √ √ √ √ -Before 1990 * - Various √ √ √ √ √Notes:*From Feasibility Study Sulphurets Property by CESL**Hazen = Hazen Research Inc.; Inspectorate = Exploration & Metallurgical Testing InspectorateAmerica Corporation; Met-Solve = Met-Solve Laboratories Inc.; Knelson = FLSmidth Knelson;Pocock = Pocock Industrial Inc.; JZM = Joe Zhou Mineralogy Ltd.13.2 HISTORICAL TEST WORKHistorical test work used composite samples collected from the West Zone and the R8Zone. The feasibility study prepared in 1990 indicated that the Brucejack mineralizationconsists of apparently erratic veins and lenses containing metallic gold (native gold) andmetallic silver (native silver), together with a variety of sulphide minerals in a quartz-richenvironment, within a zone of altered volcanic rocks . Gold occurs as a range of relativelycoarse grains (40 to 100 µm) to fine grains (less than 40 µm) locked in either pyrite orquartz gangue. Silver occurs in small amounts in metallic form, while most silver isintimately associated with, or a component of, various sulphide minerals. The majorminerals in the samples are listed in Table 13.2.Table 13.2MineralMineralogical AssessmentContent(%)Pyrite 9.7Sphalerite 0.5Tetrahedrite 0.1Jalpaite 0.1Ruby Silver 0.05Galena 0.05ChalcopyriteNative GoldNative SilverTraceTraceTraceGangues 89.5Source: CESL (1990)Metallurgical testing included gravity separation, flotation, cyanidation, and roasting pretreatment.The test work indicated that gravity separation would recover a significant portion of thecontained gold. Cyanide leaching on the gravity tailings produced good overall goldrecoveries, but poor silver recoveries (less than 40%). As reported in the 1990 feasibilitystudy, it was indicated that the poor silver recoveries were attributed to the silveroccurrence in the form of relatively insoluble silver sulphides such as tetrahedrite andproustite.Pretium Resources Inc. 13-2 1291990200-REP-R0012-02Feasibility Study and Technical Report on the BrucejackProject, Stewart, BC
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Report to:Pretium Resources Inc.Fea
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TABLE OF CONTENTS1.0 SUMMARY ......
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12.2 DATA VERIFICATION BY SNOWDEN .
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16.7 MOBILE EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS
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20.1 SUSTAINABILITY AND ENVIRONMENT
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26.4.2 HYDROGEOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATI
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Table 13.23 Occurrences of Gold in
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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 1.1 Simplifie
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Figure 16.11 Extent of Mine Develop
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hertz .............................
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atomic emission spectroscopy ......
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Mineable Shape Optimizer ..........
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VOK Domain 2 ......................
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1.2 PROPERTY DESCRIPTION AND LOCATI
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1.4 MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATESSnowd
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Table 1.2West Zone Mineral Resource
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Figure 1.1Simplified Process Flowsh
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1.7 MINING METHODSThe underground m
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Figure 1.2Overall Site LayoutE 4300
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Figure 1.4Knipple Transfer Station
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outflow. This approachdischarge thr
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summary of the overall operating co
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The Project schedule identifies the
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2.1 QUALIFIED PERSONSThe qualified
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Report Section Company QP23.0 Adjac
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4.0 PROPERTY DESCRIPTION AND LOCATI
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4.3 STATUS OF MINING TITLESThe Prop
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Figure 4.3Pretivm Mineral ClaimsSou
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5.0 ACCESSIBILITY, CLIMATE, LOCALRE
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5.2 CLIMATE AND PHYSIOGRAPHYThe cli
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6.0 HISTORYInformation in this sect
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Figure 6.1West Zone Underground Vei
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6.1 WORK COMPLETED BY SILVER STANDA
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7.0 GEOLOGICAL SETTING ANDMINERALIZ
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Figure 7.1Tectonic Setting of the B
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7.2 LOCAL GEOLOGY - SULPHURETS MINI
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Altered Stuhini Group rocks and Mit
Page 75 and 76: Figure 7.4Sulphurets Mining Camp Ge
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Page 79 and 80: Previously, some of the rocks strad
Page 81 and 82: Figure 7.6Brucejack Property Geolog
Page 83 and 84: Figure 7.6 (con’t)Brucejack Prope
Page 85 and 86: more distal (i.e. down temperature)
Page 87 and 88: more heavily altered than those abo
Page 89 and 90: Figure 7.8Brucejack Property Minera
Page 91 and 92: Figure 7.10South-north Cross-sectio
Page 93 and 94: WEST ZONEThe West Zone gold-silver
Page 95 and 96: Figure 7.12VOK to West Zone Geologi
Page 97 and 98: Figure 7.14West Zone Drillholes and
Page 99 and 100: steep, is generally associated with
Page 101 and 102: Figure 7.15Trace Element Analysis b
Page 103 and 104: for which an age of c.110 Ma has be
Page 105 and 106: Figure 8.1Brucejack Deposit Mineral
Page 107 and 108: Figure 9.13D Geophysical Model Sche
Page 109 and 110: 10.0 DRILLINGInformation in this se
Page 111 and 112: Figure 10.1Core in Wooden Core Boxe
Page 113 and 114: Figure 10.3Brucejack Property Diamo
Page 115 and 116: The cut PQ samples weighed approxim
Page 117 and 118: submitted to ALS. In addition, a re
Page 119 and 120: Primary sample gold concentrations
Page 121 and 122: 12.0 DATA VERIFICATIONIndependent s
Page 123 and 124: 12.2 DATA VERIFICATION BY SNOWDENSn
Page 125: Figure 12.4Sample Verification Resu
Page 129 and 130: 13.3.2 2012 TO 2013 TEST SAMPLESIns
Page 131 and 132: Table 13.7 Conceptual Master Compos
Page 133 and 134: ALSInspectorateFire Assay (g/t) Met
Page 135 and 136: 13.3.6 ORE HARDNESS TEST WORKTable
Page 137 and 138: Table 13.14 Sample Specific Gravity
Page 139 and 140: In general, there was a reduction i
Page 141 and 142: Figure 13.5 Effect of Primary Grind
Page 143 and 144: In 2012 and 2013, most of the flota
Page 145 and 146: Further cleaner tests were conducte
Page 147 and 148: Figure 13.14 Effect of Cleaner Flot
Page 149 and 150: SampleIDWZ-2CompositeCompositeBJ-AC
Page 151 and 152: The 2012 and 2013 tests routinely i
Page 153 and 154: Figure 13.17Cumulative Stage GRG ve
Page 158 and 159: Figure 13.21 Silver Cyanide Extract
Page 160 and 161: Table 13.24 Head Sample Cyanidation
Page 162 and 163: Based on the findings of the prelim
Page 164 and 165: Primary Grind/Regrind SizesConcentr
Page 166 and 167: Further cyanide leach tests were ca
Page 168 and 169: including samples with low head gra
Page 170 and 171: Grade (g/t) Recovery/Extraction (%)
Page 172 and 173: Figure 13.28 Variability Test Resul
Page 174 and 175: Table 13.31Locked Cycle Tests Resul
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Table 13.33Conventional Thickening
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13.3.11 CONCLUSIONSA review of prel
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Table 13.37Head Grade(g/t)Metallurg
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• geological interpretation and m
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to form a series of seemingly strat
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14.6 COMPOSITING OF ASSAY INTERVALS
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In the high-grade domains (includin
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Table 14.3Parameters to Describe Go
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14.8.3 HIGH-GRADE DOMAINS - PROBABI
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analysis. Any target blocks that re
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For VOK and West Zone the interpola
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Table 14.9Comparison of the Mean Co
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the economic viability of the depos
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14.15 RESOURCE REPORTINGThe mineral
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15.0 MINERAL RESERVE ESTIMATES15.1
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Table 15.1Net Smelter Return Parame
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15.4 MINING SHAPESAMC used the Mine
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Strike length varies considerably w
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15.7 MINERAL RESERVESMineral reserv
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Figure 15.4Reserve Shapes and Minin
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16.2 MINE DESIGN16.2.1 ACCESS AND R
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Figure 16.2Brucejack Twin Declines
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Figure 16.4Typical Level Plan - 1,2
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Table 16.1Development Design Parame
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Figure 16.7Mineable Stope Shapes -
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Once the stope footprint is slashed
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16.3.3 STOPE SEQUENCEThe mining seq
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Stopes that will not be re-exposed
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Table 16.5LOM Backfilling - Waste R
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Figure 16.11Extent of Mine Developm
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• development of the 1,210 and 1,
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Figure 16.13Life of Mine Production
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Table 16.7LOM Tonnes and GradesYear
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Table 16.8Rock Mass PropertiesUnitU
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AMC estimated ore recovery in the w
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FULL-WIDTH UNDERCUTSThe Project min
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Table 16.10Mine Infrastructure Exca
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with lesser components supplied by
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un was completed representing glaci
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Table 16.12Underground Development
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TRANSMIXERSShotcrete will be delive
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The VOK Zone and West Zone mining a
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Figure 16.17 shows a ventilation co
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• regular inspection of the conve
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On low-head applications, a submers
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Figure 16.18Dewatering PlanPretium
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Figure 16.20CrusherThe 42 in wide b
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16.9.3 POWER REQUIREMENTS AND ELECT
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Electrical power will be supplied t
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To supply service water to the high
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16.9.7 WORKSHOP AND STORESThe maint
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Radio communications will be establ
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16.9.11 PORTAL STRUCTUREA portal st
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propane consumption. Table 16.18 sh
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16.10 PASTE FILL DISTRIBUTIONP&C co
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Figure 16.33Paste Fill Distribution
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Figure 16.35Pre-production Paste Fi
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RoleHeadCountMaintenance (72)Mainte
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17.0 RECOVERY METHODS17.1 MINERAL P
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The process plant will consist of t
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17.1.4 PLANT DESIGNMAJOR DESIGN CRI
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• a belt conveyor, 914 mm wide by
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CONCENTRATE REGRINDINGThe flotation
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The dried tabling concentrate will
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solution strength. The solution wil
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PROCESS CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION
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• vendors’ instrumentation pack
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18.0 PROJECT INFRASTRUCTURE18.1 OVE
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Figure 18.1Brucejack Overall Site L
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18.2 GEOTECHNICAL18.2.1 OVERVIEWThe
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18.3 ACCESS18.3.1 ACCESS ROADSThe B
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Figure 18.3Knipple Glacier Access R
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available in the winter and also pr
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18.5 GRADING AND DRAINAGEThe site w
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AVALANCHE FREQUENCYAvalanche freque
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• portal fuel storage• conveyor
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Operations CampSize 2 avalanches fr
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Figure 18.5Access Road Avalanche Ha
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and dated June 2013. As requested b
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Figure 18.7Photo of Typical Slopes
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• the design of special towers to
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modular construction where possible
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collect waste water during maintena
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water treatment plant to increase t
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Air/vacuum valves will be installed
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Figure 18.10Foot Print of 3% Deposi
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A pre-manufactured trailer will be
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• fuel storage• vendors’ inst
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18.17 OFF-SITE INFRASTRUCTURE18.17.
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18.17.3 BOWSER AIRSTRIPRegular char
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INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURESAn IA
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AERODROME PERSONNEL AND MAINTENANCE
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TRANSPORT MODE OPTIONSTruckThere ar
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SBT has the ability to mobilize cra
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Pretivm is committed to a process t
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engage with the Nisga’a Lisims Go
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Average monthly temperature data us
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The fisheries resources and fish ha
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was conducted on the NPR values of
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all modelling exercises, the accura
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16 corridor is recovering from the
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• reporting and feedback mechanis
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Approximately 47% of the tailings w
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20.1.8 WASTE MANAGEMENTMine WastesP
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from the site. Fixed equipment, suc
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• Forest Act (BC)• Forest and R
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Table 20.5List of Federal Approvals
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21.1.2 ESTIMATE BASE DATE AND VALID
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…costs not directly attributable
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• small tools• consumables• c
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The total cost for Major Area 33 -
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The unit cost estimates are based o
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MINE OPERATING COSTSThe total under
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Table 21.7Summary of Process Operat
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Table 21.8Summary of Backfilling Op
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DescriptionLabourForceTotal Cost($/
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22.0 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS22.1 INTRODUC
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Figure 22.1Pre-tax Cash FlowCumulat
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transport the concentrate to a buil
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Figure 22.4Pre-tax Payback Period S
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Canadian development expense and 60
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23.0 ADJACENT PROPERTIESSnowden not
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23.2 HIGH PROPERTYThe Teuton Resour
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managers, and the mining manager, a
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MANAGEMENT PROCEDURESThe EPCM contr
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Figure 24.2Level 1 Execution Schedu
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Capital equipment purchases will be
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Construction work will be split int
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provided with dedicated emergency p
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econciliation to the freight consol
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PROJECT TEAM RESPONSIBILITIESIt is
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WBS Area PretivmEPCMTeamUnderground
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24.1.15 RISK MANAGEMENTA Risk Asses
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There may be opportunities to optim
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The conceptual layout is preliminar
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25.4.8 TAILINGS DELIVERY SYSTEMThe
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26.0 RECOMENDATIONS26.1 GEOLOGYThe
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• Further test work to identify t
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The estimated cost for the above-me
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• Careful planning as well as det
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26.5.6 BRUCEJACK OUTLET CONTROL STR
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• Further groundwater quality and
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27.0 REFERENCES27.1 AVALANCHE HAZAR
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Price, W. (2005). Mend Report 9.1c:
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Britton, J. M. and Alldrick, D. J.,
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Olssen. L., Jones, I.. 2012b. Preti
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28.0 CERTIFICATES OF QUALIFIED PERS
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28.2 IVOR W.O. JONES, M.SC., CP, FA
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28.3 JOHN HUANG, PH.D., P.ENG.I, Ji
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28.5 HAMISH WEATHERLY, M.SC., P.GEO
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28.7 SABRY ABDEL HAFEZ, PH.D., P.EN
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28.9 CATHERINE SCHMID, M.SC., P.ENG
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28.11 BRENT MCAFEE, P.ENG.I, Brent
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28.13 MICHAEL CHIN, P.ENG.I, Michae
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28.15 MICHAEL PAUL WISE, P.ENG., MB
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28.17 CLAYTON RICHARDS, P.ENG.I, Cl
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28.19 ALI FARAH, P.ENG.I, Ali Farah
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28.21 S. (KUMAR) SRISKANDAKUMAR, M.
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