BSA Flow Software Installation and User's Guide - CSI

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In one of the beams, an acousto-optical component known as a Bragg cell is inserted. This introduces a fixed frequency shift in the particular beam, which as it will be explained later allow us to determine the sign of the measured velocity. The front lens deflects the two beams so they intersect, and in the intersecting volume, seeding particles will scatter the incoming laser light. Part of this light is scattered backwards toward the front lens (back scatter), and registered in the receiver (normally a photomultiplier). Seeding particles passing the laser beams outside of the measuring volume will of course also reflect light, but the receiving optics is focused on the measuring volume, so this will be out of focus, and thus only increase the background noise slightly. Fibre optics In modern LDA equipment the light from the beamsplitter and the Bragg cell is sent through optical fibres as is the light scattered back from seeding particles. This reduces size and weight of the probe itself, making the equipment flexible and easier to use in practical measurements. Laser, beamsplitter, Bragg cell and photodetector (receiver) can be installed stationary and out of the way, while the LDA-probe can traverse between different measuring positions. Beam waist The beam waist diameter df used in formulas (7-9) and (7-10) is calculated from: d f f = Ed 4 λ π I (7-11) -where f is the focal length of the front lens as shown in Figure 7-7, λ is the laser wavelength, dI is the beam waist diameter of the laser beam before passing the front lens, and E is the beam expansion factor as explained below. Please note that df and dI are inversely proportional, meaning that a large dI is desirable, if you want a small df. It is normally desired to make the measuring volume as small as possible, which according to the formulas in (7-9) mean that df should be small. The laser wavelength λ is a fixed parameter, and focal length f is normally limited by the geometry of the model being investigated. Some lasers allow for adjustment of the beam waist position, but the beam waist diameter dI is normally fixed. E=1 in (7-11) above correspond to no beam expander, but if the measuring volume is too large, increasing E is the only remaining way to reduce the size of the measuring volume. This corresponds to installing a beam expander. Beam expander A beam expander is a combination of lenses in front of or replacing the front lens of a conventional LDA system. It converts the beams exiting the optical system to beams of greater width. At the same time the spacing between the two laser beams is increased, since the beam expander also increase the aperture. Provided the focal length f remain unchanged, the larger beam spacing will thus increase the angle θ between the two beams. According to the formulas in (7-9) this will further reduce the size of the measuring volume. In agreement with the fundamental principles of wave theory, a larger aperture is able to focus a beam to a smaller spot size and hence to create a greater light intensity on the scattering particles. At the same time the greater receiver aperture is able to pick up more of the reflected light. As a result the benefits of the beam expander is threefold: 7-10 BSA Flow Software: Reference guide
7.1.6 Frequency shift • Reduce the size of the measuring volume at a given measuring distance. • Improve signal-to-noise ratio at a given measuring distance, or ... • Reach greater measuring distances without sacrificing signal-to-noise ratio. A drawback of the LDA-technique described so far is that negative velocities ux
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BSA Flow Software Version 4.10 Inst
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1. General 1.1 Table of Contents 1.
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5.5 Optical Calibrated LDA System p
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7.2.1 Basic principles of phase Dop
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1.2 Dantec Dynamics Licence Agreeme
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1.3 Laser safety All equipment usin
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2. Introduction Congratulations wit
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2.1.9 Analog Monitor Option 2.1.10
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2.3.4 Trouble shooting 2.3.5 On-lin
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3. Installation 3.1 General 3.1.1 P
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Directory structure CPU usage will
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3.2.2 Installation as administrator
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You have the possibility to define
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Click Next and select the add-ons y
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Peer-to-peer connection Processor s
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Click on the Download tab to get th
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The BSA processor will restart. Thi
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• If the Game controller needs to
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Figure 3-2 National Instruments Mea
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3.7 Third party traverse system To
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4. The user interface 4.1 Layout Me
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4. If the mouse pointer was in the
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4.3 Project explorer shortcuts to t
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Figure 4-5 Dialog for adding object
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Using Templates To make a Template,
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4.6 The tool bar Figure 4-6 the pro
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Save As... Figure 4-10 the File men
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Figure 4-11 Save As compressed proj
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Figure 4-14 the Properties - Summar
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Figure 4-18 The Select Position dia
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Options With the Options you get a
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When Enable error logging is checke
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The fourth format, Significant Digi
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The PDA Optical Configuration objec
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4.7.7 Help menu Figure 4-34 The Hel
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4.9 Message window • by clicking
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PM and Bragg cell connections Warni
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LDA and PDA transmitting optics The
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Click on OK. Note For fully opaque
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In the third step, the software con
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Lightweight Traverse with handbox C
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57G15 Traverse interface Third part
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• right-click the Traverse Server
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4. This brings up the following dia
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To change a setting, click in the V
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Figure 4-39 System monitor in auto-
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14. You have now completed data acq
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4. Check the Show System Monitor wh
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. 8. LDA 1 properties are specific
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11. To monitor the Doppler signals,
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The axes will automatically rescale
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Click Acquire. If a complete new re
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Define the positions that you want
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Select the type of the files to ope
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5. Project explorer objects 5.1 Sta
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Browse to the file you wish to impo
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For each column, the data type must
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5.3.1 Output properties Figure 5-4
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Figure 5-7 The Custom… dialog und
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Figure 5-8 BSA F/P 30: processor pr
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Max. acquisition time: The maximum
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Normal user interface Advanced user
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Figure 5-11 The Bragg cell connecto
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LDA 1, 2, . properties: Range and g
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5.3.4 System monitor It frequently
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Scope: Burst spectrum display Recor
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Overlaid Graphs: used to show the b
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Uncheck the Use default bindings bo
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The calibration data are stored in
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5.6.1 PDA beam system The Beam syst
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Figure 5-24: Fringe direction setti
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5.6.4 Medium properties Medium name
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Software max. limit in mm.: Self ex
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The default address of the National
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Traverse coordinates of a datum poi
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5.7.8 Traverse Mesh generator If yo
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Regions Figure 5-39 Motion pattern,
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Warning Please observe strict secur
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5.9 Export Figure 5-40 Data-sources
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If multiple positions are exported
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5.9.3 Selected columns 5.9.4 Binary
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Data C Headers Programming Examples
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char filename[256] = {0}; strcpy(fi
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Range means that the filter will ap
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5.11.1 Data Properties Note that th
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Figure 5-54. Size histogram (left)
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Figure 5-57. Velocity distribution
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Figure 5-58 list output of 1D PDA d
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The next selection in the context m
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5.13.2 Objects under Merge object A
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N−1 Mean u ∑ ηiui = i= 0 N−1
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Cross-moments The property Cross-mo
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The calculation of ε fails if Umea
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Figure 5-71 General properties of t
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An alternative geometry of a 3D LDA
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Figure 5-75: FiberPDA phase plot. A
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5.16.3 Display properties The defau
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The output quantities of the diamet
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6. Options and Add-ons This chapter
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6.1 Advanced Graphics Add-on The ma
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Figure 6-2 The Tools-Options-Output
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Figure 6-5 Scale properties for 2D
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Property group ‘Display’ Also t
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6.1.3 2D Plot [m/s] 36 34 32 The 2D
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6.1.4 2D Histogram For off-line use
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Configuring the 2D Histogram The co
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Configuring the 3D Plot Figure 6-21
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Figure 6-23 “Interpolate bin” s
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Property group ‘Data’ Figure 6-
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Coordinate shown on Intercepts the
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LDA1-Mean [m/ s] -2,00 -3,00 -4,00
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Figure 6-32 Properties of the Vecto
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Figure 6-33 shows a velocity vector
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6.1.9 Exporting plots Copying a plo
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6.2 Synchronisation Option 6.2.1 In
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Pin Signal Pin Signal 1 Out 1 14 Gr
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6.2.5 Sync. Output Signals properti
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Outputs Figure 6-40 Differential sy
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Figure 6-42 Cyclic phenomena in the
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Cycle length The property Cycle len
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It allows to define the number of b
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Note It is not possible to have 0 a
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Figure 6-47: Output data from the c
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performed prior to phase sorting yo
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Figure 6-51 Properties of the spect
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Blocking Using the FFT-approach to
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1,2 1,0 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 Weight fact
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Output from the Spectrum object The
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6.4.2 Advanced Spectrum object Load
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Page 265 and 266: Time The first column of the output
Page 267 and 268: The Protocol Figure 6-67: Generic t
Page 269 and 270: How to Use the Initialisation Strin
Page 271 and 272: Figure 6-69: Traverse File option i
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Page 277 and 278: 6.6.2 Calculation object from to
Page 279 and 280: Tip To combine calculated data and
Page 281 and 282: max var. max of all arguments sum v
Page 283 and 284: 6.7.3 Software set-up Once A/D-hard
Page 285 and 286: Figure 6-76 BSA F/P application win
Page 287 and 288: 6.7.7 Analog input specifications J
Page 289 and 290: 6.8.1 Installation 6.8.2 Hardware c
Page 291 and 292: Figure 6-85 BSA F/P application win
Page 293 and 294: 6.9.1 Required hardware 6.9.2 Calib
Page 295 and 296: 2. Select Parameter Input 3. The fo
Page 297 and 298: B. Select Advanced Curve fitting an
Page 299 and 300: 6.10 Mobile system Monitor option T
Page 301 and 302: 7. Reference guide 7.1 Theory of La
Page 303 and 304: Doppler effect d0 R(z) Figure 7-1 L
Page 305 and 306: es e2 e1 U Figure 7-3 Scattering of
Page 307 and 308: Measuring volume proportional to pa
Page 309: Laser fI Beam splitter As indicated
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Page 321 and 322: 7.2 Theory of Phase Doppler Anemome
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Page 325 and 326: For reflection (Equation 7-16) The
Page 327 and 328: Figure 7-21: The effect of changing
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Page 331 and 332: The trajectory effect The slit effe
Page 333 and 334: Figure 7-28:The DualPDA as a combin
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Page 337 and 338: Characteristic scattering angles At
Page 339 and 340: ⎛ ϕ ⎞ ϕ2 = 4arcsin⎜ ⎟ −
Page 341 and 342: Figure 7-36: The critical angle con
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Page 345 and 346: Mask Front Lens Eye-piece Spatial f
Page 347 and 348: Alignment of the eyepiece The focus
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Page 355 and 356: Table of characteristic angles Defi
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n rel ϕ c1 ϕ b0 ϕ c2 ϕ b2 ϕ r2
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n rel ϕ c1 ϕ b0 ϕ c2 ϕ b2 ϕ r2
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Choice of wavelength Choice of mask
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Choice of wavelength and focal leng
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Choice of polarization Choice of sc
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Focal length Transmitter (FiberFlow
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Polarization ring Fixing screw Push
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Aperture plates The particle size r
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Tighten the cable securely at each
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Disconnect the receiving fiber V1 f
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Step by step procedure Phase-Dopple
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Lower half: The lower half of the b
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Recommended acceptance angles of th
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7.7.4 Air bubble in freon Character
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7.7.6 Bubble of air in diesel oil C
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7.7.8 Glass sphere in water Charact
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7.7.10 Latex sphere in water Charac
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Blocking increases calculation spee
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In this particular example we get:
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7.9 Moments (one-time statistics) 7
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1 = N Mean D mean ui (7-31) N ∑
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Software implementation Updating me
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u v 2 2 = = ∑ ∑ tU tV 2 2 − 2
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(histogram properties). ni is the n
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volume is calculated for the class
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D30 The volume mean diameter is cal
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Three further factors are however i
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d e ln 2 max 2 V do ∗ Vt = ( 7-48
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Diameter bins The number of diamete
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Trajectory dependent detection area
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Corrected particle Max d e ( Di ) C
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Integral time-scale τI Definition
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The mean values of u(t) and v(t) ar
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Low pass filtering & Step noise Obv
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fc ≡ t 1 2 ∆ If the true signal
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Estimator bias Estimator variance S
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-again S’(f) is used to distingui
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Zero padding Often the sampling per
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As an example the Hanning window is
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The Explorer window will now look s
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8.2.2 Peer-to-Peer Configuration Co
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. High Voltage or Figure 8-3: Calib
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Invalid particles in the corners Th
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Gaussain beam effect The following
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To check for connection, right-clic
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