BSA Flow Software Installation and User's Guide - CSI

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7.7.11 Data analysis You should be aware that in this manual there is a distinction between processing and analysis. Processing is done by hardware, and take place in the processor, which may be a BSA, a FVA or something else. In the context of LDA-measurements, the processor receives an analog signal directly from the photodetector(s), and calculates the corresponding particle velocity for each Doppler-burst detected. The calculated velocity is sent to a computer for further analysis along with accompanying information such as particle arrival and transit time. If the processor used support burst-triggered sampling of external signals, the data-package sent to the computer may also include data from external sensors, such as pressure- or temperature- transducers. The processing thus focuses on individual particles passing the measuring volume, while the data analysis work on the measured velocities of several - usually thousands - of particles. The data analysis performed in the computer yield mean velocity and other statistical properties, such as RMS-values. If several velocity components and/or external signals are measured simultaneously, the analysis may also yield cross moments, allowing for example the calculation of Reynolds stresses. Finally the analysis may include calculation of spectrum and correlation, and to obtain results quickly this can be done using FFT-algorithms. In LDA there are two major problems faced when making a statistical analysis of the measurement data; velocity bias and the random arrival of seeding particles to the measuring volume. While velocity bias is the predominant problem for simple statistics, such as mean and rms values, the random sampling is the main problem for statistical quantities that depend on the timing of events, such as spectrum and correlation functions. Figure 7-72 illustrates the calculation of moments, correlation and spectra on the basis of measurements received from the processor. The velocity data coming from the processor consists of N validated bursts, collected during the time T, in a flow with the integral time scale τI. For each burst the arrival time ai and the transit time ti of the seeding particle is recorded along with the non-cartesian velocity components (ui, vi, wi). The different topics involved in the analysis will be described in more detail in the following sections of this manual. 7-94 BSA Flow Software: Reference guide
Blocking increases calculation speed and reduces the variance of the estimated spectra. Filter functions may be applied to smooth noisy spectra (optional). Divide data into blocks no Velocity data from processor Coordinate transformation More blocks? yes Resampling FFT/Spectrum Average blocks Moments Apply Filter Inverse FFT Finished Spectrum Normalization Finished Correlation Figure 7-72: Calculating moments, correlations and spectra using FFT-techniques. Transform from skew to orthogonal coordinates. Mean, rms, skewness, flatness & cross-moments. (Weighted or unweighted) Loop through all blocks. Fixed time-steps is a requirement of FFT. Fourier transform lead to calculation of spectra. Averaging over several blocks reduces variance. Inverse FFT of a spectrum yields correlation. Correlation may be normalized with Rxy(0) BSA Flow Software:Reference guide 7-95
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BSA Flow Software Version 4.10 Inst
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1. General 1.1 Table of Contents 1.
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5.5 Optical Calibrated LDA System p
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7.2.1 Basic principles of phase Dop
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1.2 Dantec Dynamics Licence Agreeme
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1.3 Laser safety All equipment usin
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2. Introduction Congratulations wit
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2.1.9 Analog Monitor Option 2.1.10
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2.3.4 Trouble shooting 2.3.5 On-lin
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3. Installation 3.1 General 3.1.1 P
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Directory structure CPU usage will
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3.2.2 Installation as administrator
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You have the possibility to define
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Click Next and select the add-ons y
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Peer-to-peer connection Processor s
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Click on the Download tab to get th
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The BSA processor will restart. Thi
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• If the Game controller needs to
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Figure 3-2 National Instruments Mea
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3.7 Third party traverse system To
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4. The user interface 4.1 Layout Me
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4. If the mouse pointer was in the
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4.3 Project explorer shortcuts to t
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Figure 4-5 Dialog for adding object
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Using Templates To make a Template,
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4.6 The tool bar Figure 4-6 the pro
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Save As... Figure 4-10 the File men
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Figure 4-11 Save As compressed proj
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Figure 4-14 the Properties - Summar
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Figure 4-18 The Select Position dia
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Options With the Options you get a
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When Enable error logging is checke
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The fourth format, Significant Digi
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The PDA Optical Configuration objec
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4.7.7 Help menu Figure 4-34 The Hel
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4.9 Message window • by clicking
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PM and Bragg cell connections Warni
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LDA and PDA transmitting optics The
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Click on OK. Note For fully opaque
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In the third step, the software con
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Lightweight Traverse with handbox C
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57G15 Traverse interface Third part
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• right-click the Traverse Server
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4. This brings up the following dia
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To change a setting, click in the V
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Figure 4-39 System monitor in auto-
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14. You have now completed data acq
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4. Check the Show System Monitor wh
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. 8. LDA 1 properties are specific
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11. To monitor the Doppler signals,
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The axes will automatically rescale
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Click Acquire. If a complete new re
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Define the positions that you want
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Select the type of the files to ope
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5. Project explorer objects 5.1 Sta
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Browse to the file you wish to impo
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For each column, the data type must
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5.3.1 Output properties Figure 5-4
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Figure 5-7 The Custom… dialog und
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Figure 5-8 BSA F/P 30: processor pr
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Max. acquisition time: The maximum
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Normal user interface Advanced user
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Figure 5-11 The Bragg cell connecto
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LDA 1, 2, . properties: Range and g
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5.3.4 System monitor It frequently
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Scope: Burst spectrum display Recor
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Overlaid Graphs: used to show the b
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Uncheck the Use default bindings bo
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The calibration data are stored in
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5.6.1 PDA beam system The Beam syst
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Figure 5-24: Fringe direction setti
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5.6.4 Medium properties Medium name
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Software max. limit in mm.: Self ex
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The default address of the National
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Traverse coordinates of a datum poi
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5.7.8 Traverse Mesh generator If yo
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Regions Figure 5-39 Motion pattern,
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Warning Please observe strict secur
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5.9 Export Figure 5-40 Data-sources
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If multiple positions are exported
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5.9.3 Selected columns 5.9.4 Binary
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Data C Headers Programming Examples
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char filename[256] = {0}; strcpy(fi
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Range means that the filter will ap
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5.11.1 Data Properties Note that th
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Figure 5-54. Size histogram (left)
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Figure 5-57. Velocity distribution
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Figure 5-58 list output of 1D PDA d
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The next selection in the context m
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5.13.2 Objects under Merge object A
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N−1 Mean u ∑ ηiui = i= 0 N−1
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Cross-moments The property Cross-mo
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The calculation of ε fails if Umea
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Figure 5-71 General properties of t
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An alternative geometry of a 3D LDA
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Figure 5-75: FiberPDA phase plot. A
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5.16.3 Display properties The defau
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The output quantities of the diamet
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6. Options and Add-ons This chapter
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6.1 Advanced Graphics Add-on The ma
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Figure 6-2 The Tools-Options-Output
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Figure 6-5 Scale properties for 2D
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Property group ‘Display’ Also t
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6.1.3 2D Plot [m/s] 36 34 32 The 2D
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6.1.4 2D Histogram For off-line use
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Configuring the 2D Histogram The co
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Configuring the 3D Plot Figure 6-21
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Figure 6-23 “Interpolate bin” s
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Property group ‘Data’ Figure 6-
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Coordinate shown on Intercepts the
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LDA1-Mean [m/ s] -2,00 -3,00 -4,00
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Figure 6-32 Properties of the Vecto
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Figure 6-33 shows a velocity vector
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6.1.9 Exporting plots Copying a plo
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6.2 Synchronisation Option 6.2.1 In
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Pin Signal Pin Signal 1 Out 1 14 Gr
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6.2.5 Sync. Output Signals properti
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Outputs Figure 6-40 Differential sy
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Figure 6-42 Cyclic phenomena in the
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Cycle length The property Cycle len
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It allows to define the number of b
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Note It is not possible to have 0 a
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Figure 6-47: Output data from the c
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performed prior to phase sorting yo
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Figure 6-51 Properties of the spect
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Blocking Using the FFT-approach to
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1,2 1,0 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 Weight fact
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Output from the Spectrum object The
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6.4.2 Advanced Spectrum object Load
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To evaluate the new algorithm, comp
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6.4.3 Correlation object Conclusion
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20 16 12 8 4 0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
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Time The first column of the output
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The Protocol Figure 6-67: Generic t
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How to Use the Initialisation Strin
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Figure 6-69: Traverse File option i
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Properties Output from MATLAB engin
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Result window Script Hides and disp
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6.6.2 Calculation object from to
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Tip To combine calculated data and
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max var. max of all arguments sum v
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6.7.3 Software set-up Once A/D-hard
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Figure 6-76 BSA F/P application win
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6.7.7 Analog input specifications J
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6.8.1 Installation 6.8.2 Hardware c
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Figure 6-85 BSA F/P application win
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6.9.1 Required hardware 6.9.2 Calib
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2. Select Parameter Input 3. The fo
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B. Select Advanced Curve fitting an
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6.10 Mobile system Monitor option T
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7. Reference guide 7.1 Theory of La
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Doppler effect d0 R(z) Figure 7-1 L
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es e2 e1 U Figure 7-3 Scattering of
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Measuring volume proportional to pa
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Laser fI Beam splitter As indicated
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7.1.6 Frequency shift • Reduce th
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As long as the particle velocity do
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7.1.7 Signals The primary result of
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7.1.8 Seeding Seeding as flow field
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150 90 180 0 180 0 180 0 210 120 24
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7.2 Theory of Phase Doppler Anemome
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D is the particle diameter. βi is
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For reflection (Equation 7-16) The
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Figure 7-21: The effect of changing
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This is the principle of the spheri
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The trajectory effect The slit effe
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Figure 7-28:The DualPDA as a combin
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Figure 7-31: Reflection and refract
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Characteristic scattering angles At
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⎛ ϕ ⎞ ϕ2 = 4arcsin⎜ ⎟ −
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Figure 7-36: The critical angle con
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Page 347 and 348: Alignment of the eyepiece The focus
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Page 351 and 352: For both orientations of polarizati
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Page 355 and 356: Table of characteristic angles Defi
Page 357 and 358: n rel ϕ c1 ϕ b0 ϕ c2 ϕ b2 ϕ r2
Page 365 and 366: Choice of wavelength Choice of mask
Page 367 and 368: Choice of wavelength and focal leng
Page 369 and 370: Choice of polarization Choice of sc
Page 371 and 372: Focal length Transmitter (FiberFlow
Page 373 and 374: Polarization ring Fixing screw Push
Page 375 and 376: Aperture plates The particle size r
Page 377 and 378: Tighten the cable securely at each
Page 379 and 380: Disconnect the receiving fiber V1 f
Page 381 and 382: Step by step procedure Phase-Dopple
Page 383 and 384: Lower half: The lower half of the b
Page 385 and 386: Recommended acceptance angles of th
Page 387 and 388: 7.7.4 Air bubble in freon Character
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Page 391 and 392: 7.7.8 Glass sphere in water Charact
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Page 397 and 398: In this particular example we get:
Page 399 and 400: 7.9 Moments (one-time statistics) 7
Page 401 and 402: 1 = N Mean D mean ui (7-31) N ∑
Page 403 and 404: Software implementation Updating me
Page 405 and 406: u v 2 2 = = ∑ ∑ tU tV 2 2 − 2
Page 407 and 408: (histogram properties). ni is the n
Page 409 and 410: volume is calculated for the class
Page 411 and 412: D30 The volume mean diameter is cal
Page 413 and 414: Three further factors are however i
Page 415 and 416: d e ln 2 max 2 V do ∗ Vt = ( 7-48
Page 417 and 418: Diameter bins The number of diamete
Page 419 and 420: Trajectory dependent detection area
Page 421 and 422: Corrected particle Max d e ( Di ) C
Page 423 and 424: Integral time-scale τI Definition
Page 425 and 426: The mean values of u(t) and v(t) ar
Page 427 and 428: Low pass filtering & Step noise Obv
Page 429 and 430: fc ≡ t 1 2 ∆ If the true signal
Page 431 and 432: Estimator bias Estimator variance S
Page 433 and 434: -again S’(f) is used to distingui
Page 435 and 436: Zero padding Often the sampling per
Page 437: As an example the Hanning window is
Page 440 and 441: The Explorer window will now look s
Page 442 and 443: 8.2.2 Peer-to-Peer Configuration Co
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. High Voltage or Figure 8-3: Calib
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Invalid particles in the corners Th
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Gaussain beam effect The following
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To check for connection, right-clic
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