LIVE POLIO IRUS VACCINES

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Spread of Vaccine Strain of Poliovirus in Southern Louisiana Communities 147 TABLE 1. POPULATION DATA FOR THE STUDY COMMUNITIES IN MORGAN CITY AND FRANKLIN, LOUISIANA NEIGHBORHOOD GROUP NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS CHILDREN NUMBER
148 Saf ety-Field Evidence of Saf ety 148 Safety-Field Evidence of Safety quent in children below 6 years of age and in sulted in abortive infection. the low-titer group. Overall, spread was clearly more extensive in the more heavily seeded Franklin community (70 per cent of low and 32 per cent of high-titer children) than in Morgan City (33 and 25 per cent, respectively). All told, 28 low-titer children developed alimentary infection and, of these, all but nine manifested significant antibody response. In the high-titer group, 17 were observed to excrete virus, but only four evinced antibody response. Wide variations were observed in duration of fecal virus excretion. In the vaccine-fed children, the mean observed excretion was 22 and 9.7 days for the low and high-titer groups, and the range was, respectively, from 1 to 63 days and from 1 to 31 days. Among the placebo-fed children, the corresponding figures were 17 and 6.8 days for the means, and from 1 to 37 days and from 1 to 34 days for the ranges. For the vaccine-fed children, Fig. 3 indicates the relation of the postfeeding antibody titer to that observed prefeeding and also, on a rough qualitative basis, to the fact and duration of fecal excretion of virus. Of those actually observed to shed virus in the feces, abortive excretion for only one or two days, indicated by the circle with a central dot, was observed in 5 of 53 low and 14 of 40 high-titer children. Similar data for the placebo-fed children are presented in Fig. 4 which indicates the much greater frequency with which contact transmission re- Such was observed in 7 of 28 infected low-titer children and in 9 of 17 in the high-titer group. Of special importance is the fact that these abortive infections were commonly associated with failure to develop a significant increase in antibody titer. Finally, in agreement with our previous observations, well established alimentary infection also failed to elicit a significant response in children with very high initial antibody titers. The pattern of vaccine virus spread. It is difficult to generalize about the pattern of spread within the placebo-fed household units. In one Franklin and four Morgan City families, the entire household episode of P3 virus infection consisted of fecal excretion by only one child detected on only one day (2 in high and 3 in low-titer children), despite the availability of from 5 to 8 other children in each family, including a total of 11 with low and 19 with high titers. At the other extreme, all or all but one child became infected in six families, three in each community. When more than one child became infected, the interval between onsets of viral excretion varied widely; several children might begin excretion within a few days with others beginning excretion two or more weeks later. In one household, in which all of six children became infected, the onsets of excretion were on days 28, 28, 29, 46, 60, and 60 of observation. What might be ternied the week-by-week volume TABLE 3. FECAL EXCRETION OF TYPE 3 <strong>POLIO</strong>V<strong>IRUS</strong> AND ANTIBODY RESPONSE IN PLACEBO-FED CHILDREN, BY AGE, PRIOR HOMOLOGOUS ANTIBODY TITER AND RESIDENCE Neighborhood Age Prior titer 1 :
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LIVE POLIO IRUS VACCINES Papers Pre
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SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
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Preface The accumulation of informa
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Page Discussion .......... .......
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Page 6. Vaccination of Full-Term In
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Page 23. Vaccination against Poliom
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Dr. Ghislain COURTOIS Director, Pri
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Dr. Edith PETTE Institute for the R
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4 Introductory Remarks 4 Introducto
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6 General Considerations immunity a
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8 General Considerations from accep
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10 General Considerations 10 Genera
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14 Safety-Laboratory Evidence of At
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- 26 Safety-Laboratory Evidence of
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DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN ANDERSON: There
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30 Discussion CHAIRMAN ANDERSON: Th
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32 TABLE 1. Safety-Laboratory Evide
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40 Discussion Of the 22 monkeys inf
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DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN ANDERSON: Thank
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46 Discussion a paralytic case. Thi
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48 Discussion + - + + I + - I + + 1
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50 Discussion sages of neurovirulen
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Application of Genetic Markers to D
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Discussion 67 TABLE 1. INCIDENCE OF
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Experimental Studies on Animals wit
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6. DETECTION OF A "NON-DETECTABLE"
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Detection of a "Non-Detectable" Sim
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Discussion 87 Dr. Koprowski's state
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Discussion 89 recognize its effects
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Laboratory Investigations of Attenu
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Page 120 and 121: Behavior of Cold Mutants of Poliovi
Page 126 and 127: DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN BURNET: Thank y
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Page 131 and 132: 114 Safety-Field Evidence of Safety
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Page 139 and 140: 122 Discussion 122 Discussion~~~~~~
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Page 143 and 144: 126 VIRUS 1 MAhONEY Safety-Field Ev
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Page 149 and 150: DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN ZHDANOV: This p
Page 151 and 152: 11. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND VIROLOGICAL
Page 161 and 162: 12. SPREAD OF A VACCINE STRAIN OF P
Page 163: 146 Safety-Field Evidence of Safety
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Page 177 and 178: 160 Discussion specimens. We were u
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Page 206 and 207: Field, Laboratory Experiences With
Page 208 and 209: 16. STUDIES ON LIVE POLIOVIRUS VACC
Page 210 and 211: Studies on Live Poliovirus Vaccine
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Studies on Live Poliovirus Vaccine
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Da. HORSTMANN: If I may answer for
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Discussion 205 Discussion 205 tried
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NOTE: The Spanish translation of th
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Vaccination of Pregnant Women and Y
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Development and Persistence of Poli
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Virologic, Serologic Investigations
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_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Virologic, Serologi
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cARE NUC:4I Discussion 267 CUAw # J
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Discussion 269 in the investigation
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Virological Findings, Antibody Resp
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4. ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION WITH ATTENU
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Routine Immunization With Attenuate
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Experimental Infectionwith CHATAtte
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Experimental Infection with CHATAtt
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Experimental Infection with CHATAtt
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Vaccination of Full-Term Infants wi
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Response of Newborn Infants to Vacc
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Susceptibility of Newborn Infants t
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9. IMMUNIZATION OF NEWBORN INFANTS
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Immunization of Newborn Infants wit
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Discussion 323 vaccinated siblings
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Discussion 325 Discussion 325 ance
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transplacental antibodies, or antib
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Discussion 329 Discussion 329 born
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Recent Experience with Lederle Triv
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11. FURTHER EXPERIENCES WITH ORAL P
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Further Experiences with Oral Polio
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Minnesota Studies with Oral Poliomy
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13. USE OF ATTENUATED LIVE POLIOVIR
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Use of Attenuated Live Poliovirus V
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Use of Attenuated Live Poliovirus V
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DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN LÉPINE: The tw
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Discussion 373 -~~~~~~ics o 7 domin
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Discussion 375 -~ ~~~~isuso 7 DR. C
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i 14. EFFECTS OF RAPID MASS IMMUNIZ
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Live Poliovirus Immunization-Condit
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Use of Sabin's Live Poliovirus Vacc
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- Use of Sabin's Live Poliovirus Va
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TABLE 14. Use of Sabin's Live Polio
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Discussion 411 DR. ANDERSON: My que
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Course of Mass Immunization in USSR
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, _ _ Course of Mass Immunization i
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DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN LÉPINE: Thank
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Discussion 431 DR. STUART-HARRIS: I
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436 Efficacy-Field Evidence TABLE 1
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438 Efficacy-Field Evidence Adminis
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444 Effcaey-Field Evidence 44 Efiay
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446 Efficacy-Field Evidence 446 Eff
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448 Efficacy-Field Evidence 448 lEf
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450 Efficacy-Field Evidence m Co 0
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452 Efficacy-Field Evidence ] ~~ ~
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454 Efficacy-Field Evidence It is n
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456 Efficacy-Field Evidence M.G. C
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458 Discussion 458 Discussion~~~~~~
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460 460 Discussion Discussion~~~~~~
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462 Discussion one was sponsored by
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Vaccination with CHAT Strain Type 1
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Live Virus Vaccine Studies in South
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Discussion 481 the ages of the five
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Immunological and Epidemiological E
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DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN STUART-HARRIS:
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Further Observations on First Field
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Further Observations Qn First Field
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Further Observations on First FielJ
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Poliomyelitis Vaccination in Poland
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24. A SMALL-SCALE TRIAL WITH LIVE P
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Live Poliomyelitis Vaccine-Small-Sc
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25. VACCINATION AND CHALLENGE-POLIO
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Vaccination and Challenge-Poliomyel
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26. VACCINATION WITH ATTENUATED POL
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Vaccination with Attenuated Poliovi
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Discussion 575 ence last year. The
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Large-Scale Practical Trials, Use o
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594 Discussion 594 Disenísion ~ ~
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596 Discussion 596 Díscussion~~~~~
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598 Discussion 598 Discussion high
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602 Summary of the Conference 602 S
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Appendix The following letter was r
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608 Index Antibodies-continued half
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610 Index Bulychev, N. P., paper, 4
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612 Index Coxsackie--continued B-3
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614 Index Epidemics-continued intro
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616 Index Genetic stability-continu
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618 Index Infants-continued source
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620 Index Laboratory surveillance d
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622 Index Monkey neurovirulence, 95
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624 Index pH neutralization test, 6
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626 Index Poliomyelitis virus-conti
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628 Index Serological response-cont
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630 Index T marker-continued T- str
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632 Index Vaccine, Attenuated-conti
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634 Index Virus isolations and anti
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LIVE POLIO IRUS VACCINES

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