LIVE POLIO IRUS VACCINES

418 Efficacy-Field Evidence
DAYS OF STORAGE
POLIO
CONTROL
TYPE (FROZEN) 3 7 15
1 5.6* 5.3 5.3 5.0
100% 50% 50% 24%
2 5.4 5.2 5.1 4.6
100% 64% 50% 16%
3 5.65 5.6 5.5 5.0
100% 89% 71% 22%
* Average of plaque counts (pfu X 10 ' ) of 10 individual pieces of candy.
Age of culture 8-9 days.
Adsorption-21/ 2 hours at 22 ° C.
Overlay with 660 mg.% NaHCO,
Incubated at 34 ° C. for 5 days.
Fic. 1. Stability on storage of polio vaccine in candy at 20 ° C.
In the fall of 1959-winter of 1960 M. K. Voroshilova,
G. P. Taranova, I. N. Dobrova, and
others again tested the immunogenicity of the
live vaccine in dragée-candy and also regularly
obtained good results. (Tables 6 and 7).
The technique of immunization with the vaccine
in candy turned out to be extremely convenient
and attractive in every respect. All this
contributed to the widest use of dragée-candy
with live vaccine for the purpose of poliomyelitis
immunization. Large-scale production of live
vaccine incorporated in dragée-candy has been
set up at one of the confectionery factories of
Moscow.
In 1960 the vast majority of poliomyelitis vaccinations
(about 90 per cent) are being carried
out with live vaccine incorporated into dragéecandy,
and only 10 per cent with liquid vaccine
dispensed dropwise, chiefly for immunization of
infants unable to suck candies.
All production of live poliovirus vaccine from
Sabin's strains in 1960 was concentrated at the
Institute for Poliomyelitis Research, which was
entrusted with the task of supplying live vaccine
and exercising methodical guidance over vaccinations
throughout the entire country.
The preliminary results showing fulfillment
during 1960 of the program for mass immunization
of the USSR population aged up to 20 years,
are as follows.
A total of 197,810,200 inoculation doses of live
vaccine prepared in Moscow from Sabin's strains
were distributed throughout the country during
the first five months of 1960 (data as of 1 June
1960). This includes monovaccines of Type 1,
67,819,900 doses, Type 2, 48,709,400 doses, Type
3, 51,825,000 doses, and trivalent mixture (Types
1, 2, and 3), 29,411,900 doses, used for revaccination
of those who had been immunized previously
with individual types of live vaccine or for pri-
TABLE 7. ANTIBODY RESPONSE IN CHILDREN IMMUNIZED ON THE SCHEDULE TYPES 1 - 2 - 3 WITH
MONOVACCINES IN DRAGÉE-CANDY STORED AT -20
AFTER EACH FEEDING, IN PER CENT)
(Observations of 1959)
°
C. AND AT ROOM TEMPERATURE (1.5 MONTHS
ANTIBODY RESPONSE IN SERONEGATIVE CHILDREN
CONDITIONS OF STORAGE
-20°C, 3 to 30 days
+22°C, 3 to 7 days
1 2
86.7
78.3
1 - l-- -
100.0
100.0
3
71.4
64.7