LIVE POLIO IRUS VACCINES

360
Efficacy-Laboratory Evidence
TABLE 3.
INITIAL ANTIBODY STATUS OF PARTICIPANTS
ANTIBODY TITER LESS
THAN 4, BY TYPES
CELL HOUSE GROUPS
B ACDE
A C D E CONTROL CONTROL
TOTAL
I
II
III
I and II
I and III
II and III
I, II, and III
3 2 2
5 3 18
2 5 3
2 1 16
5 4 10
8 13 49
0 1 1
1 1 5
2 0 1
5 5 16
1 3 1
2 3 10
O O
2 3 1 2
Total persons titer less than 4,
one or more types
Total persons triple positive
13 15 20 22 24 28 122
6 4 6 9 10 8 43
TOTAL 19 19 26 31 34 36 165
per cent of the Type 2, and 61 per cent of the
Type 3 blanks were filled in. The per cent of
persons who converted to triple positive varied
from 45 per cent to 78.2 per cent.
Virus was isolated only from the throat swabs
collected from persons in Houses A and D who
were fed liquid vaccine with the exception that
Type 1 virus was isolated from the pharynx of
only two persons who swallowed the vaccine in
gelatin capsules. These two persons had a prevaccine
antibody titer of less than four for all
three types of virus. Pharyngeal infection was
not detected in the placebo control groups. It
is quite clear from Table 5 that isolation of virus
from the pharynx was much more frequent when
the antibody titer was less than four for the
viruses isolated. Also, Type 2 virus was isolated
from the pharynx less frequently than virus Types
1 and 3. Table 6 is essentially the same as Table
5, except that persons with antibodies to all
three types are shown. The presence of antibodies
to two or more poliovirus types does not
TABLE 4. ANTIBODY RESPONSES-CONVERSIONS OF BLANKS AND CONVERSION TO TRIPLE POSITIVES
*CONVERSIONS OF ANTIBODY
TITER FiOM LESS THAN 4 TO
NUMBER ANY TITER, ONE OR MORE **CONVERSION TO TRIPLE
HOUSE FED TYPE AND TIME OF FEEDING TYPES PosITIVES
A 19 Liquid before lunch 11/16 =68.8% 8/13 =61.5%
C 19 Capsules after lunch 12/19 =63.2% 9/15=60.0%
D 26 Liquid after lunch 16/27 =59.3% 9/20 =45.0%
E 31 Capsules before lunch 19/32 =59.4% 14/22 =63.6%
Control Group B
Control
34 Liquid after lunch 26/32 =81.3% 18/23 =78.3%
Group A C D E 36 Liquid after lunch 22/39 =56.4% 14/28 =50.0%
Total 165 106/165 =64.2% 72/121=59.5%
BLANKe FILLED, BY TYPES*
I II III
34/46=73.9% 24/39 =61.5% 48/80=60.0%
* Numerator: blanks filled in.
Denominator: blanks to be filled in.
**Numerator: total persons converted to triple positive.
Denominator: total persons lacking one or more types.