LIVE POLIO IRUS VACCINES

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Da. HORSTMANN: If I may answer for Dr. Paul on this point: In the beginning, in identifying the agents isolated, we did not use tissue-culture passages, but returned to the original rectal-swab suspensions for neutralization tests, which were done by the plaque reduction method in agar overlay bottles. We found relatively small quantities of the viruses present, and no evidence of overgrowth of one or another strain. Subsequently, the neutral- Discussion 203 Discussion 203 that there has been spread to newborn infants ization tests were done in tubes on first tissueculture passages, in the usual in the same family. manner. DR. VAN ROOYEN: In connection with the question that Dr. Dick asked Dr. Kimball regarding the resistance of the human intestinal tract to poliovirus, Table 1 reveals the effect of repeated oral feeding with Cox trivalent vaccine in a group of highly immune adults. Some of these have received as many as eight doses of Salk vaccine over a period of five years. Furthermore, all have had contact with, and exposure to, cases of paralytic poliomyelitis during the conduct of their hospital duties over many years. It will be observed that it has not been possible to establish infection of gut in some, notwithstanding refeeding. In others, it will be noted that some excreted one or two types of virus for variable intervals of time. Seven months later, following a second oral dose of trivalent vaccine, some failed to excrete virus and others excreted homologous or heterologus virus. In the highly immune individual, virus was not excreted from the oropharynx, and the presence of intestinal infection sometimes occurred without corresponding elevation in antibody level. DR. HAMMON: I should like to ask Dr. Paul a question regarding the data he presented at the third session, so as to enable me to interpret them better. After his reply, I shall probably wish to comment on it. In connection with his discussion on the data on interference between enteroviruses, I should like to know whether the tests for an interfering virus were made after neutralization of the virus determined to be present first, or whether a single test was made each time, without attempting to neutralize any other virus that might have been present or known to be present in the stool. DR. HAMMON: I do not believe you understood my question, but I shall assume that the answer is what I believe it to be. What I was referring to was whether or not, for example, after poliovirus was isolated from the stools of a child, polio antiserum of that type was added to the fecal suspension before the next test, to see if there was a second virus present that was being excreted in the intestinal tract of that individual. The reason for this question is that data were presented indicating that there is probably some interference in the human intestinal tract between these enteroviruses. I merely wish to point out that the problem is considerably more complicated than that. Dr. Paul indicated already that this is rather complicated, but there are two things happening here: There is a possible interference in the intestinal tract of man, and then there is possible interference in the tissue-culture tube in which one is attempting to make the isolation. So I think these data are rather difficult to interpret without considering the possibility of interference between two viruses in the tissueculture tube so that you come out with only one of them. The reason I mention this is the fact that we ran across this in a longitudinal study of polio in the Philippines. We made so many isolations of one ECHO virus, which we subsequently identified as ECHO-1, that we made an antiserum to this, and began adding this antiserum to all our fecal suspensions, before attempting to isolate poliovirus, for this was a study on poliovirus alone. We went back and repeated our isolation attempts on many of the suspensions that we had tested before and isolated polioviruses which we had missed because we had isolated ECHO-1 virus, which was present apparently in larger quantity in the stool specimen than was the poliovirus. Then, in two, three, or four subsequent passages in tissue culture, we were ready to identify the agent. The smaller amount of poliovirus had been suppressed, interfered with, and we had identified only an ECHO-1 virus isolate.
. _ 204 Discussion I__ _ 1 CC w 4CC w E- O 7 E :Q > vv I CZ NCCl , 0 CM S~ CM S C1 S Mt CMC CC -01 Cm 00 CCCCM 1 C 'C'I CCC" C1 CI tO Z C0 n i C C O _i _- .O Cl1 VV g C, _ I A A °c Cw o C 11 c, C-O~l Cow Oo C S ' 'S w m I 1,I Cl C_ c, _l C-l s~ .O S CI S '~- C C l 00 Cl 1 '0 cc $13 .O .: N~1- ' E- E1 ... E E1 1 C ._ ..................................................................................... o N44EI - O t E- O iPA W: O O C O o I IM CI ¡ l l I 0 I I I I I I I I ¡ ii P. . I I I I I I I CC5 C. E B I I I I I I CO 1U. I I I ¡ I I 1 1 o9 8 l I I I I I ¡ ¡ ¡ ¡ ¡ ¡ I I I I 11 I I I I %Y CC 44 I I I I I I I ;i~ MDLr eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee a Y ID~ CO y 'SRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR° -C EC O C C > RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRD C C . > p, C -. ZC On 4 1 ¡ ¡ ¡ - CM+ ¡ ¡ ¡ ¡ I+ I I o eie w G) I I I I I I I -- 1 -1 I I I I 0O C lr 0z 1 P:: E' u u) ii EO i1 El >i CC4 CM R D a CC CMB . u CM C ZCZ I Z z 1C I C 8 z0 z00 E-u I + be unu `e ZZ Z- 1: o g í I I I I c; se ¡ ¡ u ta CM z E ,cCC Z 8 'z $ bO 0 b 00 l 8 Lzz. -1 ¡ ¡ - e E-O II ZZ E- u i2.o ¡ ¡ I I CM CM . u -,C oC Ez.m 1 1 - ¡i C-z g Z Z Z ¡ ¡ ¡ ¡ u? u oC Zmw n l" L = 1 W o o W Q O- C C mCp CCC5 E-O E 1 A mGO .o 8 " _ E .F 1 ii a ·r Z E 4 m E I o O C, E CC - E- E E; lE 4 E ,1 Eo
Page 1 and 2:
LIVE POLIO IRUS VACCINES Papers Pre
Page 3 and 4:
SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
Page 5:
Preface The accumulation of informa
Page 8 and 9:
Page Discussion .......... .......
Page 10 and 11:
Page 6. Vaccination of Full-Term In
Page 12 and 13:
Page 23. Vaccination against Poliom
Page 14 and 15:
Dr. Ghislain COURTOIS Director, Pri
Page 16 and 17:
Dr. Edith PETTE Institute for the R
Page 18:
imimmmmmñimmimmm-ñmñmñrmimmimmm
Page 21 and 22:
4 Introductory Remarks 4 Introducto
Page 23 and 24:
6 General Considerations immunity a
Page 25 and 26:
8 General Considerations from accep
Page 27 and 28:
10 General Considerations 10 Genera
Page 29 and 30:
_nTlmmlllllTlllllllnT/I1T~lllmlimll
Page 31 and 32:
14 Safety-Laboratory Evidence of At
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
Page 41 and 42:
Page 43 and 44:
- 26 Safety-Laboratory Evidence of
Page 45 and 46:
DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN ANDERSON: There
Page 47 and 48:
30 Discussion CHAIRMAN ANDERSON: Th
Page 49 and 50:
32 TABLE 1. Safety-Laboratory Evide
Page 51 and 52:
Page 53 and 54:
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
40 Discussion Of the 22 monkeys inf
Page 59 and 60:
Page 61 and 62:
DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN ANDERSON: Thank
Page 63 and 64:
46 Discussion a paralytic case. Thi
Page 65 and 66:
48 Discussion + - + + I + - I + + 1
Page 67 and 68:
50 Discussion sages of neurovirulen
Page 70 and 71:
UUYaYLlrmUIIIIIIYYIi1IYllllliTI11II
Page 72 and 73:
Application of Genetic Markers to D
Page 74 and 75:
Page 76 and 77:
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81:
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
Discussion 67 TABLE 1. INCIDENCE OF
Page 86 and 87:
Experimental Studies on Animals wit
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
Page 92 and 93:
Page 94 and 95:
Page 96 and 97:
6. DETECTION OF A "NON-DETECTABLE"
Page 98 and 99:
Detection of a "Non-Detectable" Sim
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
Page 104 and 105:
Discussion 87 Dr. Koprowski's state
Page 106 and 107:
Discussion 89 recognize its effects
Page 108 and 109:
Laboratory Investigations of Attenu
Page 110 and 111:
Page 112 and 113:
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
Discussion 99 In the case of Table
Page 118 and 119:
8. BEHAVIOR OF COLD MUTANTS OF POLI
Page 120 and 121:
Behavior of Cold Mutants of Poliovi
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
Page 126 and 127:
DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN BURNET: Thank y
Page 128:
IULUUmmiillaYIIiiiiIllnllTrTnTnTm T
Page 131 and 132:
114 Safety-Field Evidence of Safety
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
118 S afety-Field Evidence of S af
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
122 Discussion 122 Discussion~~~~~~
Page 141 and 142:
10. LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS OF TH
Page 143 and 144:
126 VIRUS 1 MAhONEY Safety-Field Ev
Page 145 and 146:
128 Safety-Field Evidence óf Safet
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN ZHDANOV: This p
Page 151 and 152:
11. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND VIROLOGICAL
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
12. SPREAD OF A VACCINE STRAIN OF P
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
148 Saf ety-Field Evidence of Saf e
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170: 152 Saf ety-Field Evidence of Safet
Page 171 and 172: 154 Safety-Field Evidence of Safety
Page 173 and 174: DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN ZHDANOV: The pa
Page 175 and 176: 158 Discussion 158 Díscussion~~~~~
Page 177 and 178: 160 Discussion specimens. We were u
Page 185 and 186: . . . 168 Safety-Field Evidence of
Page 191 and 192: 14. THE CAPACITY OF LIVE ATTENUATED
Page 193 and 194: 176 Saf ety-Field Evidence of Saf e
Page 195 and 196: ... ____ v __ _"_ _. ___.__ __ .,_.
Page 204 and 205: """lliiiiirmlilrrmiiiiiiiii iiiii,,
Page 206 and 207: Field, Laboratory Experiences With
Page 208 and 209: 16. STUDIES ON LIVE POLIOVIRUS VACC
Page 210 and 211: Studies on Live Poliovirus Vaccine
Page 212 and 213: ; _ o - -01 1 0 h 4.cccM oe u, Co F
Page 222 and 223: Discussion 205 Discussion 205 tried
Page 224 and 225: NOTE: The Spanish translation of th
Page 226 and 227: Vaccination of Pregnant Women and Y
Page 246 and 247: Development and Persistence of Poli
Page 258 and 259: Virologic, Serologic Investigations
Page 270 and 271:
Virologic, Serologic Investigations
Page 272 and 273:
Page 274 and 275:
Page 276 and 277:
Page 278 and 279:
Page 280 and 281:
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Virologic, Serologi
Page 282 and 283:
Page 284 and 285:
cARE NUC:4I Discussion 267 CUAw # J
Page 286 and 287:
Discussion 269 in the investigation
Page 288 and 289:
Virological Findings, Antibody Resp
Page 290 and 291:
Page 292 and 293:
Page 294 and 295:
4. ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION WITH ATTENU
Page 296 and 297:
Routine Immunization With Attenuate
Page 298 and 299:
Page 300:
Page 304 and 305:
mmrriiiiiiiiiiiinniiiiiiiriiimmmmmn
Page 306 and 307:
Experimental Infectionwith CHATAtte
Page 308 and 309:
Experimental Infection with CHATAtt
Page 310 and 311:
Experimental Infection with CHATAtt
Page 312 and 313:
Vaccination of Full-Term Infants wi
Page 314 and 315:
Page 316 and 317:
Page 318 and 319:
Page 320 and 321:
Response of Newborn Infants to Vacc
Page 322 and 323:
Page 324 and 325:
Page 326 and 327:
Susceptibility of Newborn Infants t
Page 328 and 329:
Page 330 and 331:
Page 332 and 333:
9. IMMUNIZATION OF NEWBORN INFANTS
Page 334 and 335:
Immunization of Newborn Infants wit
Page 336 and 337:
Page 338 and 339:
Page 340 and 341:
Discussion 323 vaccinated siblings
Page 342 and 343:
Discussion 325 Discussion 325 ance
Page 344 and 345:
transplacental antibodies, or antib
Page 346 and 347:
Discussion 329 Discussion 329 born
Page 348 and 349:
Recent Experience with Lederle Triv
Page 350 and 351:
Page 352 and 353:
Page 354 and 355:
Page 356 and 357:
Page 358 and 359:
11. FURTHER EXPERIENCES WITH ORAL P
Page 360 and 361:
Further Experiences with Oral Polio
Page 362 and 363:
Page 364 and 365:
Page 366 and 367:
Page 368 and 369:
Page 370:
Page 374 and 375:
_1111_11111111111111llllIllllllllll
Page 376 and 377:
Minnesota Studies with Oral Poliomy
Page 378 and 379:
Page 380 and 381:
Page 382 and 383:
13. USE OF ATTENUATED LIVE POLIOVIR
Page 384 and 385:
Use of Attenuated Live Poliovirus V
Page 386 and 387:
Use of Attenuated Live Poliovirus V
Page 388 and 389:
DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN LÉPINE: The tw
Page 390 and 391:
Discussion 373 -~~~~~~ics o 7 domin
Page 392 and 393:
Discussion 375 -~ ~~~~isuso 7 DR. C
Page 394 and 395:
i 14. EFFECTS OF RAPID MASS IMMUNIZ
Page 396 and 397:
Live Poliovirus Immunization-Condit
Page 398 and 399:
Page 400 and 401:
Page 402 and 403:
Page 404 and 405:
Use of Sabin's Live Poliovirus Vacc
Page 406 and 407:
Page 408 and 409:
Page 410 and 411:
- Use of Sabin's Live Poliovirus Va
Page 412 and 413:
Page 414 and 415:
TABLE 14. Use of Sabin's Live Polio
Page 416 and 417:
Page 418 and 419:
Page 420 and 421:
Page 422 and 423:
Page 424 and 425:
Page 426 and 427:
Page 428 and 429:
Discussion 411 DR. ANDERSON: My que
Page 430 and 431:
llllllmlllllmlllllI 1111111111··
Page 432 and 433:
Course of Mass Immunization in USSR
Page 434 and 435:
Page 436 and 437:
Page 438 and 439:
Page 440 and 441:
, _ _ Course of Mass Immunization i
Page 442 and 443:
Page 444 and 445:
Page 446 and 447:
DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN LÉPINE: Thank
Page 448 and 449:
Discussion 431 DR. STUART-HARRIS: I
Page 450:
_llmrr//lnlllllllllllllllllllilllll
Page 453 and 454:
436 Efficacy-Field Evidence TABLE 1
Page 455 and 456:
438 Efficacy-Field Evidence Adminis
Page 457 and 458:
Page 459 and 460:
Page 461 and 462:
444 Effcaey-Field Evidence 44 Efiay
Page 463 and 464:
446 Efficacy-Field Evidence 446 Eff
Page 465 and 466:
448 Efficacy-Field Evidence 448 lEf
Page 467 and 468:
450 Efficacy-Field Evidence m Co 0
Page 469 and 470:
452 Efficacy-Field Evidence ] ~~ ~
Page 471 and 472:
454 Efficacy-Field Evidence It is n
Page 473 and 474:
456 Efficacy-Field Evidence M.G. C
Page 475 and 476:
Page 477 and 478:
460 460 Discussion Discussion~~~~~~
Page 479 and 480:
462 Discussion one was sponsored by
Page 481 and 482:
Page 484 and 485:
Vaccination with CHAT Strain Type 1
Page 486 and 487:
Page 488 and 489:
Page 490 and 491:
Page 492 and 493:
Live Virus Vaccine Studies in South
Page 494 and 495:
Page 496 and 497:
Page 498 and 499:
Discussion 481 the ages of the five
Page 500 and 501:
Immunological and Epidemiological E
Page 502 and 503:
Page 504 and 505:
Page 506 and 507:
Page 508 and 509:
Page 510 and 511:
Page 512 and 513:
Page 514 and 515:
Page 516 and 517:
Page 518:
Page 522 and 523:
DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN STUART-HARRIS:
Page 524 and 525:
_11111/1/1111/>11111llrmlllllllll T
Page 526 and 527:
Further Observations on First Field
Page 528 and 529:
Further Observations Qn First Field
Page 530 and 531:
Page 532 and 533:
Further Observations on First FielJ
Page 534 and 535:
Page 536 and 537:
Page 538 and 539:
Page 540 and 541:
Poliomyelitis Vaccination in Poland
Page 542 and 543:
Page 544 and 545:
Page 546 and 547:
Page 548 and 549:
Page 550 and 551:
24. A SMALL-SCALE TRIAL WITH LIVE P
Page 552 and 553:
Live Poliomyelitis Vaccine-Small-Sc
Page 554 and 555:
Page 556 and 557:
Page 558 and 559:
Page 560 and 561:
Page 562 and 563:
Page 564 and 565:
25. VACCINATION AND CHALLENGE-POLIO
Page 566 and 567:
Vaccination and Challenge-Poliomyel
Page 568 and 569:
Page 570 and 571:
Page 572 and 573:
Page 574 and 575:
Page 576 and 577:
Page 578 and 579:
26. VACCINATION WITH ATTENUATED POL
Page 580 and 581:
Vaccination with Attenuated Poliovi
Page 582 and 583:
Page 584 and 585:
Page 586 and 587:
Page 588 and 589:
Page 590 and 591:
Page 592 and 593:
Discussion 575 ence last year. The
Page 594 and 595:
Large-Scale Practical Trials, Use o
Page 596 and 597:
Page 598 and 599:
Page 600 and 601:
Page 602 and 603:
Page 604 and 605:
Page 606:
nll/(Illl!ll/lll ii i i ii ii ll li
Page 609 and 610:
Page 611 and 612:
594 Discussion 594 Disenísion ~ ~
Page 613 and 614:
596 Discussion 596 Díscussion~~~~~
Page 615 and 616:
598 Discussion 598 Discussion high
Page 617 and 618:
iiiii iirrrimrmiriiiilllniririiiiii
Page 619 and 620:
602 Summary of the Conference 602 S
Page 622:
Appendix The following letter was r
Page 625 and 626:
608 Index Antibodies-continued half
Page 627 and 628:
610 Index Bulychev, N. P., paper, 4
Page 629 and 630:
612 Index Coxsackie--continued B-3
Page 631 and 632:
614 Index Epidemics-continued intro
Page 633 and 634:
616 Index Genetic stability-continu
Page 635 and 636:
618 Index Infants-continued source
Page 637 and 638:
620 Index Laboratory surveillance d
Page 639 and 640:
622 Index Monkey neurovirulence, 95
Page 641 and 642:
624 Index pH neutralization test, 6
Page 643 and 644:
626 Index Poliomyelitis virus-conti
Page 645 and 646:
628 Index Serological response-cont
Page 647 and 648:
630 Index T marker-continued T- str
Page 649 and 650:
632 Index Vaccine, Attenuated-conti
Page 651:
634 Index Virus isolations and anti
show all

LIVE POLIO IRUS VACCINES

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?