LIVE POLIO IRUS VACCINES

Virologic, Serologic Investigations of Immunization With Sabin's Strains 241
TABLE 1. INFORMATION ON CHILDREN VACCINATED WITH TRIVALENT LIVE VACCINE WHO WERE
TESTED FOR VACCINE STRAIN EXCRETION
CHILDREN'S
HOMES
DATE OF
VACCINATION
NUMBER OF
CHILDREN
TESTED
0-1
Yr.
VACCINATED
1-2
Yrs.
2-3
Yrs.
3-7
Yrs.
CON-
TACT
VACCINE
LOT No.
USED FOR
IMMUNIZ.
L. 22.VII.59
93 72
14
22
10
26
21
Type 1 Lot 1
Type 2 Lot 4
Type 3 Lot 3
R. 4.VII.59 86 65 9 22 23 11 21
No. 5 30.XII.59 76 76 34 25 14 3 Type 1, 2 Lot 0
Type 3 Lot 3
No. 10 28.XII.59 42 42 - 8 18 16
Total 297 255 57 77 65 56 42
TABLE 2.
NUMBER OF STOOL SPECIMENS TESTED AFTER VACCINATION
CHILDREN'S HOMES TESTED DURING THE FIRST MONTH TESTED DURING THE SECOND MONTH
NUMBER OF NUMBER OF NUMBER OF NUMBER OF NUMBER OF NUMBER OF
CHILDREN STOOLS STOOLS PER CHILDREN STOOLS STOOLS PER
1 CHILD 1 CHILD
L. and R. 137 626 4-5
Nos. 5 and 10 118 534 4-5 104 309 2-3
Total 255 1160 4-5 104 309 2-3
Virus isolation was performed by inoculation
of three tube cultures of trypsinized monkey-kidney
cells (0.5 ml. of stool suspension per one
tube culture). The medium for virus isolation
consisted of 0.5 per cent lactalbumin hydrolysate
in Earle's or Hanks' solution with 2 per cent
normal bovine serum. The addition of the serum
decreased toxic effect of stools. For the first
three days, inoculated cultures were observed
daily for detection of cytopathogenic effect or
non-specific toxic effect of stools. Cultures with
specific degeneration on the second to tenth day
were frozen and tissue-culture fluid typed in the
neutralization test with mixtures of poliomyelitis
antisera.
Cytopathogenic agents which were found to
be non-polioviruses, were then identified in extensive
neutralization tests with antisera against
ECHO viruses and Coxsackie B-1-5 and A-9
viruses. Cultures in which cytopathogenic effect
failed to be detected for 10 days were considered
negative, as were corresponding stools containing
no viruses, at least vaccine ones.
For serologic studies venous blood was collected
before one and one half months after the first,
and one and one half, three, four, and six months
after the second feeding. In February 1960,
children in children's homes L. and R. received
Type 1 monovaccine and one month later trivalent
vaccine was incorporated into dragée-