LIVE POLIO IRUS VACCINES

242
Efficacy-Laboratory Evidence
candy. The children were bled two weeks later.
Altogether, sera from 841 children, particularly
those whose ages ranged from six months to four
years, were tested.
In the Moscow region (see Table 3) serum
specimens were collected from 425 children; of
those, 225 lived in the districts of Ukhtomsk,
Kuntsevo, Reutovo, Balashikha, and Khimki, and
in the towns of Lyublino, Perovo, Electrostal,
Babushkin, and Volokolamsk. The children had
not been vaccinated with killed vaccine. One
hundred and seventy serum specimens were obtained
from children in three children's homes.
Ninety-four serum specimens were collected from
children under two years of age.
In the Karaganda region, 416 children from
the towns of Karaganda, Balkhash, and Osokarovka
were examined before vaccination.
negative, and 160 (37.6 per cent) of the children
had antibody to all three poliovirus types. Of
other antibody patterns, the one showing antibodies
to Type 2 alone was found most frequently
(14.1 per cent); to Types 1 and 2 (10.8 per
cent). Very seldom (only in 1.7 per cent) was
only Type 3 antibody present. In children under
one year, 20 sera of 33 tested had no antibody to
any poliovirus type, and only three sera neutralized
Type 2 poliovirus. Among children one
to two years of age there were 20.6 per cent
triple negatives, two to three years, 12.8 per
cent, and three to seven years, 5.9 per cent. All
39 childreh from seven to 10 years of age had
poliomyelitis antibody. Of those, 25 had antibody
to all three types of poliovirus.
Of 416 children in the Karaganda region (see
Table 6) 97 (23.6 per cent) had no Type 1 anti-
TABLE 3. AGE-DISTRIBUTION OF CHILDREN FROM WHOM SERUM SPECIMENS WERE COLLECTED IN THE
Moscow REGION
TOTAL
NUMBER
OF
CHILDREN
0-11
Mos.
1 YR.
2 YRS.
AGE
3-6
YRS.
7-9
Y RS.
10-15
YRS.
Towns and districts
255
5 15
24
130
32
42
Children's home Lu.
78
15 24
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- !_______-
I I I I
9
30
Children's home R.
65
3 24
30
15
Children's home Lyt.
27
8
2
10
7
Total
425
23 71
65
185
39
42
Per cent
100.0
5.4 16.7
15.3
43.5
9.2
9.9
Tables 4-6 present data on the lack of antibody
to polioviruses and the number of children
with different antibody patterns to the three poliovirus
types in the Moscow and Karaganda regions.
As seen in the tables, of 425 children in the
Moscow region before vaccination, 188 (44.2 per
cent) had no Type 1 antibody, 133 (31.3 per
cent) had no Type 2 antibody, and 208 (48.8 per
cent) had no Type 3 antibody to poliovirus.
Eighty-five children (20.0 per cent) were triple
body, 71 (17.1 per cent) no Type 2 antibody,
and 99 (23.8 per cent) Type 3 antibody. Twentyfour
(5.8 per cent) children were triple-negative.
In the age-group under one year, 46.6 per cent
of the children had no antibody to any type of
poliovirus. Both in the Moscow and Karaganda
regions percentage of children possessing Type 2
antibody increased with age. The highest per
cent of sera with Type 1 and Type 3 antibody was
found in the age group of seven to 10 years. It
may probably be connected with the first epi-