LIVE POLIO IRUS VACCINES

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Index 623 Newborns-continued degree and duration of excretion, 325, 601 fed undiluted by dropper, 437 high stomach acidity related to lower rate of infection, 45 immunization and, 315-321, 547, 597 infection in 60%, 323 intrafamily spread, 203 maternal antibodies and intestinal infection, 6 polio susceptibility vs. tumors in animals, 329 response to vaccination, 223, 296, 302-307 vaccination program, Switzerland, 322 vaccination schedule, 562 Newcastle disease, immunization of chicks, 327 New England field trial in a closed institutio:. 3?" New Haven, Conn. high attack rate in unvaccinated, 575 New Jersey four of seven polio deaths in Salk vaccines,. i35 New Orleans field trial, 308-314 Fox-Gelfand stIudy, 24 Newfoundland population characteristics, 376 Type 1 epidemic in Salk vaccin'es, 375) Nicaragua, epidemic, Type 2, 595 field trial, 547-560 paralytic polio, map, 550 21.8% of children under 10 seronega:ivc f3i Tvp- 1, 574 Niederman, James C., paper, 113-12,0 Niigata prefecture, Japan field trial, 193 Nishizawa, Dr. (of Osaka University), 193, 197-193 Nissl staining technique, 69 Nitrous acid effect on nucleic acid, 5 Norton, T. W., paper 53-65 Nouvelle Cité, Leopoldvi'le, Congo. 466 Novgorod region, RSFSR absence of seasonal rise, 493 children immunized, 486, 488 Núñez, Joaquín, paper 561-573; 118, 184 Oker-Blom, N., paper 533-546; 117, 532 Okinawa, 595 Opton, E. M., paper 174-184 Osaka, Japan immune response, and virus isolations of vaccinees, 198 Osaka University, 193 Osborn, J. J., 223, 328 Osokarovka, USSR, 242 Ostrava, Czechoslovakia vaccination program, 507 P-712 see Vaccine, Attenuated, Type 2 P-712 (Koprowski) P-712, Ch, 2ab, see Vaccine, Attenuated, Type 2 P-712, Ch, 2ab (Sabin) Paccaud, M., 322 Paffenbarger, Dr. (of Greenland), 122 Pagano, Joseph S., paper 277-283, 287-293, 294-301; 269, 294, 296, 598 Pan American Health Organization, 3-4, 581 Pan American Sanitary Bureau, 547, 569, 575 PASB Tissue Culture Laboratory, Cali, Colombia, 569 Paraffin oil covered virus serum mixtures, pH test, 229 Paralysis by d+ T+ iEolates in chimps, 18 dosage and trauma relation, 98 incidence, and artificial spread of inoculum, 28 inhibited by antibody level, 206 in monkeys by T- isolate, 19 in monkeys receiving strains with changed markers, 24 progression order, monkeys, 92 rate and degree of histologic lesions, 32 Parasite survey correlated with antibody response, 368 Paris elution study, 44 Parker's medium glucose, percentage, 229 Passive polio antibodies, see Antibodies, maternal Pasteur experimental method with anthrax, 35 Pasty candies, 414 Pathogenicity and choice of TN strain, 6 conflicting reports on extent, 68 correlation with neurovirulence, 50 of isolated strains, 7 role of vaccine in studying, 352 tests, evaluation in monkeys, 190 Type 2 in mice from healthy infants, 192 Paul, John R., paper 113-120, 174-184; 6-7, 115, 123, 156, 159-160, 203, 371-373, 574, 576 Payne, Anthony M.-M., 322, 324, 532, 600 Pekin 3,000 children vaccinated, 582 Pelon, W., paper, 377-385 Penicillin in stool suspensions, 536 Perivascular infiltrations histologic change of cold mutants, 107 Perkins, Frank T., 294, 328 Perovo, USSR, 242 "Person-week" method calculation of efficacy, 472 Pertussis antigen with polio, response of infants, 328 Pesek, J., 512 Pette, H., paper 68-78; 67, 86 pH attenuation by manipulation, 5 gastric acidity in oral immunization of newborn, 302, 315, 320 role in elution study, 45-46 pH marker, first marker of attenuation, 7 isolate did not resemble CHAT, 469
624 Index pH neutralization test, 68, 208, 243, 330, 489, 531 compared with CPE method, 121, 228, 268 for low avidity antibody determination, 228, 384 Pharyngeal infection and conversion response, 350 and maternal antibody influence, 327 and spread by contact, 188 dose relationship, 296 immunologic resistance of cells, 414 in monkeys, effect of immune milk, 325 isolation of virus, 144, 203, 341-354, 357-364 related to vaccine form, 357 Pharyngeal surgery and polio risk, 461, 597 Pharyngeal swabs technique, 294, 315, 359 Philadelphia field trial, 277-283, 598 Philippines longitudinal study of polio, 203 Phosphate buffer elution marker study, 42 Phosphorus, radioactive (P3 2 ) poliovirus grown in presence of, 41 Photodynamic action of dyes differential destruction of B virus, 87 Physical properties as a "views" marker, 41-43 "Ping-pong" effect exchange of viruses between susceptibles, 113 Placebo studies food handlers, 357 in evaluation of live virus vaccine, 157 not indicated or practicable, 445, 463 Plaque technique, 68, 125, 469, 580 count assay differences between days, 66 differences between laboratories, 122 discrepancies, pH and CP tests, 268 on vaccine candy, 425 screen for neurovirulence, 125 decrease in number by homologous strain, 53-54 in deuterated medium with CHAT, 62-64 in reproductive capacity temperature study, 103 lines and temperature variation, 109 number (PFU) inoculated IM, 92 selection of single virus particle progeny, 5 to original fecal suspension, 203, 205 Plotkin, Stanley A., paper 53-65, 277-283, 287-293, 294-301, 466-473; 7, 54, 123, 144, 214, 324- 326, 371-372, 377, 465, 480-481, 532 Plzen, Czechoslovakia Salk program, 507, 513 Podsedlovsky, T. S., paper 413-428 Poland field trial, 522-531 map, 528-529 Type 1 isolate, 1st results, 55 Poland organizations Ministry of Health, 522 Provincial Public Health Laboratories, Lublin, 522, 526 State Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, 522, 527 Poliomyelitis, see also Incidence, Morbidity, Mortality, Poliomyelitis paralytic, Poliomyelitis virus, etc. age and economic status, 158 age and infection, rate, 378 age distribution, Costa Rica, 561 antibody titer differences, reasons, 235 attack rates, high, virulent virus selection, 575 low in control groups, 505 low in vaccinated areas, 603 cases, 410, 453, 455-456, 458, 469, 569-570, 575 frequency within normal limits in vaccination, 473 high ratio of paralytic, 457 interval between vaccination and onset, 398 none before trial, 537 not induced by vaccine, 601 not serologically confirmed, 458 case reporting, 464, 486 criteria for designating a vaccine-associated case, 457 diagnosis, 487 dissemination, 411 eradication problem, 158, 518, 577, 603 increasing importance, 561 incidence, and vaccine safety, 4 Baltic republics, 577 by age and sex, 191 chain of transmission, 594 Cincinnati, 591-592 Czechoslovakia, map, 517 Dade County, Florida, 448, 459 major outbreaks every two years, 386 Mauritius, 476 Minnesota, 376 Netherlands, 134, 137, 143 Nicaragua, 575 non-vaccinated children, 401 Philadelphia, 277 U.S.A., 158, 337 USSR, 430 vaccinated and nonvaccinated, 401, 411 prophylaxis, 413 reinfection prevention in vaccinated communities, 410 resistance in convalescents, 262 simultaneous entrance of vaccine and wild virus. 157, 182 spread pattern, 171, 202 spread reduction, 410-411, 576 susceptibility in Salk vaccinees, 576 reduction to adult level, 367, 368 type specific, 559 vaccine influence, 377 Poliomyelitis, paralytic attack rates, Florida, 446 among vaccinees, appreciable drop, 429 clinical histories, 402-409, 557-558 14 of 59 confirmed cases, 571
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LIVE POLIO IRUS VACCINES Papers Pre
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SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
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Preface The accumulation of informa
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Page Discussion .......... .......
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Page 6. Vaccination of Full-Term In
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Page 23. Vaccination against Poliom
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Dr. Ghislain COURTOIS Director, Pri
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Dr. Edith PETTE Institute for the R
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4 Introductory Remarks 4 Introducto
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6 General Considerations immunity a
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8 General Considerations from accep
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10 General Considerations 10 Genera
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14 Safety-Laboratory Evidence of At
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- 26 Safety-Laboratory Evidence of
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DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN ANDERSON: There
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30 Discussion CHAIRMAN ANDERSON: Th
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32 TABLE 1. Safety-Laboratory Evide
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40 Discussion Of the 22 monkeys inf
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DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN ANDERSON: Thank
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46 Discussion a paralytic case. Thi
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48 Discussion + - + + I + - I + + 1
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50 Discussion sages of neurovirulen
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Application of Genetic Markers to D
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Discussion 67 TABLE 1. INCIDENCE OF
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Experimental Studies on Animals wit
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6. DETECTION OF A "NON-DETECTABLE"
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Detection of a "Non-Detectable" Sim
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Discussion 87 Dr. Koprowski's state
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Discussion 89 recognize its effects
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Laboratory Investigations of Attenu
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Discussion 99 In the case of Table
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8. BEHAVIOR OF COLD MUTANTS OF POLI
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Behavior of Cold Mutants of Poliovi
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DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN BURNET: Thank y
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114 Safety-Field Evidence of Safety
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118 S afety-Field Evidence of S af
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122 Discussion 122 Discussion~~~~~~
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10. LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS OF TH
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126 VIRUS 1 MAhONEY Safety-Field Ev
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128 Safety-Field Evidence óf Safet
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DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN ZHDANOV: This p
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11. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND VIROLOGICAL
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12. SPREAD OF A VACCINE STRAIN OF P
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148 Saf ety-Field Evidence of Saf e
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152 Saf ety-Field Evidence of Safet
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DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN ZHDANOV: The pa
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158 Discussion 158 Díscussion~~~~~
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160 Discussion specimens. We were u
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. . . 168 Safety-Field Evidence of
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14. THE CAPACITY OF LIVE ATTENUATED
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176 Saf ety-Field Evidence of Saf e
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Field, Laboratory Experiences With
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16. STUDIES ON LIVE POLIOVIRUS VACC
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Studies on Live Poliovirus Vaccine
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Da. HORSTMANN: If I may answer for
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Discussion 205 Discussion 205 tried
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NOTE: The Spanish translation of th
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Vaccination of Pregnant Women and Y
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Development and Persistence of Poli
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Virologic, Serologic Investigations
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_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Virologic, Serologi
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cARE NUC:4I Discussion 267 CUAw # J
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Discussion 269 in the investigation
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Virological Findings, Antibody Resp
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4. ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION WITH ATTENU
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Routine Immunization With Attenuate
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Experimental Infectionwith CHATAtte
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Experimental Infection with CHATAtt
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Experimental Infection with CHATAtt
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Vaccination of Full-Term Infants wi
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Response of Newborn Infants to Vacc
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Susceptibility of Newborn Infants t
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9. IMMUNIZATION OF NEWBORN INFANTS
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Immunization of Newborn Infants wit
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Discussion 323 vaccinated siblings
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Discussion 325 Discussion 325 ance
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transplacental antibodies, or antib
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Discussion 329 Discussion 329 born
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Recent Experience with Lederle Triv
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11. FURTHER EXPERIENCES WITH ORAL P
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Further Experiences with Oral Polio
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Minnesota Studies with Oral Poliomy
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13. USE OF ATTENUATED LIVE POLIOVIR
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Use of Attenuated Live Poliovirus V
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Use of Attenuated Live Poliovirus V
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DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN LÉPINE: The tw
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Discussion 373 -~~~~~~ics o 7 domin
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Discussion 375 -~ ~~~~isuso 7 DR. C
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i 14. EFFECTS OF RAPID MASS IMMUNIZ
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Live Poliovirus Immunization-Condit
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Use of Sabin's Live Poliovirus Vacc
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- Use of Sabin's Live Poliovirus Va
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TABLE 14. Use of Sabin's Live Polio
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Discussion 411 DR. ANDERSON: My que
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Course of Mass Immunization in USSR
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, _ _ Course of Mass Immunization i
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DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN LÉPINE: Thank
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Discussion 431 DR. STUART-HARRIS: I
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436 Efficacy-Field Evidence TABLE 1
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438 Efficacy-Field Evidence Adminis
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444 Effcaey-Field Evidence 44 Efiay
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446 Efficacy-Field Evidence 446 Eff
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448 Efficacy-Field Evidence 448 lEf
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450 Efficacy-Field Evidence m Co 0
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452 Efficacy-Field Evidence ] ~~ ~
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454 Efficacy-Field Evidence It is n
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456 Efficacy-Field Evidence M.G. C
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460 460 Discussion Discussion~~~~~~
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462 Discussion one was sponsored by
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Vaccination with CHAT Strain Type 1
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Live Virus Vaccine Studies in South
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Discussion 481 the ages of the five
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Immunological and Epidemiological E
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DISCUSSION CHAIRMAN STUART-HARRIS:
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Further Observations on First Field
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Further Observations Qn First Field
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Further Observations on First FielJ
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Poliomyelitis Vaccination in Poland
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24. A SMALL-SCALE TRIAL WITH LIVE P
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Live Poliomyelitis Vaccine-Small-Sc
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25. VACCINATION AND CHALLENGE-POLIO
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Vaccination and Challenge-Poliomyel
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26. VACCINATION WITH ATTENUATED POL
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Vaccination with Attenuated Poliovi
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Page 619 and 620: 602 Summary of the Conference 602 S
Page 622: Appendix The following letter was r
Page 625 and 626: 608 Index Antibodies-continued half
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Page 629 and 630: 612 Index Coxsackie--continued B-3
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Page 633 and 634: 616 Index Genetic stability-continu
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Page 637 and 638: 620 Index Laboratory surveillance d
Page 639: 622 Index Monkey neurovirulence, 95
Page 643 and 644: 626 Index Poliomyelitis virus-conti
Page 645 and 646: 628 Index Serological response-cont
Page 647 and 648: 630 Index T marker-continued T- str
Page 649 and 650: 632 Index Vaccine, Attenuated-conti
Page 651: 634 Index Virus isolations and anti
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LIVE POLIO IRUS VACCINES

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