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President Lula’s second and last term in office, released a coherent foreign policydocument, A Política Externa do Governo Lula.It may be argued that prior to this, PT’s foreign policy – to the extent that oneexisted - had been conducted in a haphazard fashion, adhering to the traditionalpositions of the party, dating from its incarnation as a militant socialist party. Muchintellectual vigour and structure was provided by Itamaraty’s Secretary-General,Samuel Pinheiro Guimaraes, 306 who issued a number of publications, while he heldthe post of Director of the Institute of International Relations of the ForeignMinistry’s training institute, dealing with various sensitive issues in Brazilian foreignpolicy, along lines highly synonymous with the PT position. For example, hisdissident views on Brazil’s continued participation in FTAA negotiations with theUnited States were published while the negotiations were still ongoing. Thepublication of these views resulted in Guimarães’ redeployment by the ForeignMinister.PT’s former Secretary for International Affairs, Valter Pomar, admits that one ofthe key measures of influence of the party on foreign policy is the positioning of‘affiliated individuals in key posts’. 307 Another instrument of influence is the party’smanifesto. The impact of party preferences on Brazil’s foreign economic policyhave been uneven, with the translation of key constituents’ disapproval of theFTAA not extending to other areas, such as the continuation of the Doha Round.As noted in the PT document A política externa do governo Lula, the Braziliangovernment’s position on pressing toward the conclusion of the Doha Round, toinclude the positions of less-developed countries, is not supported by key sectors ofthe party’s social and political base, such as the CUT. 308Another important contribution of the party, which depends heavily on partycohesion, is the voting patterns of members of Congress, and their activities inCongress’s Commission for International Relations and National Defense.306 Email correspondence with diplomat and academic, Prof. Paulo Roberto Almeida, 30May, 2010.307 Valter Pomar, email correspondence, July 2010.308 Email correspondence, Valter Pomar, 1 July, 2010.134