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epresentation; and peaceful mechanisms of international conflict resolution. It ischaracterised chiefly, but not exclusively, by: a commitment to solidarity with thedeveloping world; a commitment to the peaceful resolution of internationaldisputes; a commitment to multilateralism; and, a commitment to non-interferencein the domestic affairs of other states.It is in this context that contemporary influential developing states are seen as ‘heirsto Bandung’. It was within the post-Cold War, ‘Global War on Terror’ frameworkthat, paradoxically, an opportunity arose for certain larger developing countries toexercise a measure of leadership on particular international questions. Thisstemmed, in part, from a perceived lack of legitimacy on the part of the mostpowerful states, namely the US and Britain. It may also be attributed to both thegrowing visibility of emerging economic powers, and from the exhibition ofsensitivity from the developed world that followed terror attacks on their territories,and, the subsequent search for partners in the renewed objectives to reduce globalinequality, perceived to be linked to terrorism, and other global problems, such asthe management of the global economy and climate. 121Therefore, while in the developed world internationalism has largely been linked tosolving traditional security problems in the international system, for the developingworld, there are the additional focuses of increasing their internationalrepresentation, particularly concerning multilateral institutions, and increasing theirautonomy through greater numerical strength, and by the provision of alternatives(whether for financial or other material support) to potentially exploitative relationswith established powers. 122 These qualities imbue the contemporary emergingpowers with the same features as erstwhile ‘middle powers’. In the literaturespanning the turn of the 21 st century, middle powers were seen to be playing morediffuse roles on a multiplicity of issues. Cox identified four key attributes:121 See Statement by G8 leaders, and the leaders of Brazil, China, India, Mexico andSouth Africa following the terrorist attacks on London, 07/07/05.122 This is not to assert that South-South relations may not be exploitative. For example,the methods used in South Africa’s pursuit of its commercial interests in Africa havebeen met with considerable controversy from within the Continent. See John Daniel,Varusha Naidoo and Sanusha Naidu, “The South Africans have arrived: Post-apartheidcorporate expansion into Africa”, in State of the Nation 2003-4, eds., John Daniel, AdamHabib and Roger Southall, (Cape Town: HSRC Press, 2004).69