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een required of PT as a party of the opposition entering government 513 . This storyhas been told from various angles as it affects PT’s domestic policies, but fewanalyses examine its impact on PT’s, and Brazil’s, foreign policy. 514PT’s policies and pronouncements in the early 1980s characterised it as a typicalLatin American party of the left. While foreign policy was not explicitly mentionedin the Party’s founding document, the ‘Plan of Action’ appended to it enumeratedsolidarity with all oppressed peoples; mutual respect between nations; the deepeningof international cooperation; and, the promotion of world peace as the Party’sprimary international concerns. 515 Chief among the party’s guiding principles wasthat of solidarity, solidarity stemming both from struggles over workers’ rights in theparty’s early years, and from later struggles as part of a more unified Brazilianopposition movement. 516 However, “the assumption of executive responsibility atthe state and municipal levels, and gradually increased contacts with like-mindedpolitical parties and syndicates of the northern hemisphere, helped to give PT’sleadership an appreciation of the limits and possibilities of governmental action”. 517In a general sense, the prior tone of recriminations and critiques, containingnegative and accusatory proclamations, with respect to “markets”, the internationalfinancial institutions, and the policies of the United States, became more measuredand balanced, revealing a genuine preoccupation with governabilidade and foreignrelations, from the perspective of the real possibility of victory in the elections ofOctober 2002. 518The year 2010 marked the first appearance in the Party’s history of a comprehensivePT foreign policy document, The Workers’ Party International Policy (A política513 See Csaba Deák, “Brazil: The Partido dos Trabalhadores in government”, Soundings,(2003); David Samuels, “From Socialism to Social Democracy: Party Organization andthe Transformation of the Workers’ Party in Brazil”, Comparative Political Studies, 37,No. 9 (2004); Wendy Hunter, “The Normalization of an Anomaly: The Workers’ Party inBrazil”, World Politics, 59, No.3 (2007).514 An exception is the discussion by scholar-diplomat Prof. Paulo Roberto de Almeida.“A política internacional do PT”.515 Almeida, “A Política Internacional do PT”, 88.516 Keck notes how the labour movement was not initially as enamoured of the idea of a‘unified opposition’ as perhaps other segments – the liberal elites, students andintellectuals – of the opposition to the military were. However, “There was aconvergence between the opposition elites’ need for mass momentum and the newlabor leaders’ need for recognition; they helped each other.” This is an importantsecondary source of the commitment to solidarity in PT. See Margaret E. Keck, TheWorkers’ Party and Democratization in Brazil. (New Haven and London: Yale UniversityPress, 1992): 41.517 Almeida, “A Política Internacional do PT”, 90.518 Ibid., 93.210