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internationalist considerations than…those of many other states”. 97 This wasparticularly unusual during the Cold War period, characterised as it was by theheight of power politics. What was noteworthy about these states was their activismin the name of multilateralism, a law-governed international society, and the primacyof the UN in maintaining international order 98 in the face of a polarisedinternational system. Scandinavian internationalism was reasoned away by Realistsas a response to their smaller stature and comparative military weakness.The key historical features of this internationalism were: Law, Organisation,Exchange and Communication. 99 Each of these aspects has been given varyingemphasis by different approaches to internationalism. What appears to havechanged in the middle of the twentieth century are the ends to whichinternationalism was adopted as a foreign policy stance. While traditional analysesfocus on peace and security as the end sought by internationalism, the adoption ofparticular foreign policies by certain developed states in the middle of the lastcentury gave a new objective to internationalism. In addition to being set up as aresponse to the problematique of “solving the problem of anarchy without replacinganarchy with hierarchy”, 100 internationalism became the response to the newchallenge of how to bring about global economic justice in the absence of a globalauthority, without harming the individual economic interests of states: in short, areformist internationalism. This problem arose in tandem with the independenceand underdevelopment of formerly colonised Asian and African states. It stemmedfrom the traditional internationalist concern of ameliorating conflict, but was herebased on the assumptions that “international exchange reduces the likelihood ofwar: (1) by making states increasingly dependent on one another; and (2) by makinginternational relations increasingly complex”. 101 This form of internationalism wasultimately successful in staving off heated North-South conflict.97 Peter Lawler, “Janus-Faced Solidarity: Danish Internationalism Reconsidered”,Cooperation and Conflict, 42, Issue 1 (2007): 104, citing Pratt (1989:7).98 Ibid., 104.99 Goldmann, The Logic of Internationalism, 4.100 Ibid., 4.101 Ibid., 41.62