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expansive, activist foreign policy that has characterised the actions of large states ofthe developing world since at least the middle of the last century. It also seeks tocontextualise this approach to foreign policy in the light of the internationalismpracticed by Northern states, and within a larger approach to state action based onethics and framed by cosmopolitanism.Chapter 3 analyses whether an internationalist stance is the result of state strengthor state weakness, building on concepts found within the neoclassical realistapproach to state capacity as a determinant of state behaviour. Chapter 4 presentsan analysis of the foreign policy decision-making process in each case study country,reflecting on the institutional freedom of the governing parties, domestic intragovernmentalrelations, and authority chains, for their potential influence on foreignpolicy outcomes.Part II presents the two case study chapters, Chapters 5 and 6, on South Africa andBrazil, respectively, along with a third chapter, Chapter 7, that examines how eachstate mobilised and extracted resources in response to a ‘typical’ Third World crisis,and how domestic policymaking arrangements and perceptions helped or hinderedresponses to the Haiti crisis of 2004. Chapters 5 and 6 provide expositions of thedynamic of growth in state power and growing national interests on the parts ofSouth Africa and Brazil, respectively. Chapter 7, meanwhile, examines one exampleof a culmination of these respective processes: engagement in the Haiti crisis thatreached boiling-point in 2004.Part III comprises Chapter 8, the concluding chapter that draws together thefindings and key theoretical and empirical implications for Southerninternationalism, and foreign policymaking in South Africa and Brazil, respectively.49