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ARUP; ISBN: 978-0-9562121-5-3 - CMBBE 2012 - Cardiff University

ARUP; ISBN: 978-0-9562121-5-3 - CMBBE 2012 - Cardiff University

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Figure 6. Indentation of sheep brain in-situ: comparison of modelling and experimental results<br />

6. CONCLUSIONS<br />

In this study, we present the results of experiments on sheep brain indentation in the<br />

area of the brain-skull interface and derive information about the interface’s mechanical<br />

properties by complementing analysis of the results of these experiments with brain<br />

modelling (non-linear FE procedures). This allows us to distinguish between the<br />

contribution of the brain tissue and the interface to the reaction force exerted on the<br />

indentor. By using linear springs, representing the brain-skull interface, we obtained<br />

good agreement between the calculated and the experimentally measured forcedisplacement<br />

relationship in a simulation of in-situ sheep brain indentation. This<br />

−1<br />

enabled us to suggest the overall stiffness of the interface as 11.45<br />

Nmm . 2<br />

mm<br />

7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS<br />

The first author of the paper was a Prescott scholar during this research. The financial<br />

support of the Australian Research Council (Discovery grant DP1092893), National<br />

Health and Medical Research Council (grant 1006031) and Medical and Health<br />

Research Infrastructure Fund of Western Australia in 2009-2011 is gratefully<br />

acknowledged. The authors also acknowledge the collaboration of personnel within the<br />

department of Medical Physics and department of Radiology of Royal Perth Hospital.<br />

8. REFERENCES<br />

Reaction force (N)<br />

0.5<br />

0.4<br />

0.3<br />

0.2<br />

0.1<br />

Experiment<br />

Simulation<br />

0<br />

0 1 2 3 4 5<br />

Displacement (mm)<br />

1. Bathe, K. J., Finite Element Procedures, Cambridge, 2007(<strong>ISBN</strong>-<strong>978</strong>0979004902).<br />

2. Estes, M.S., McElhaney J.H., Response of brain tissue to compressive loading, An<br />

American Society of Mechanical Engineers Publication, 1970, 70-BHF-13:4.<br />

3. Miller, K. and K. Chinzei., Constitutive modelling of brain tissue: Experiment and<br />

theory, Journal of Biomechanics, 1997, Vol. 30, 1115-1121.<br />

4. Miller, K. and K. Chinzei., Mechanical properties of brain tissue in tension, Journal<br />

of Biomechanics, 2002, Vol. 30, 1115-1121.<br />

5. Prange, M.T. et al., Pediatric rotational inertial brain injury: the relative influence of<br />

brain size and mechanical properties, In: Proceddings of 43rd Stapp Car Crash<br />

Conf., Society of Automotive Engineers, 1999, Paper No. 99SC23.<br />

6. Bilston, L. E., Liu Z., and Phan-Thien N., Linear viscoelastic properties of bovine<br />

brain tissue in shear, Biorheology, 1997, Vol. 34 (6), 377-385.<br />

7. Bilston, L. E., Liu Z., and Phan-Thien N., Large strain behavior of brain tissue in<br />

shear: some experimental data and differential constitutive model, Biorheology,

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