LCA Food 2012 in Saint Malo, France! - Manifestations et colloques ...

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PLENARY SESSION 1: FOOD 8 th Int. Conference on LCA in the Agri-Food Sector, 1-4 Oct 2012 Seemüller M. (2001) Ökologische bzw. konventionell-integrierte Landbewirtschaftung: Einfluss auf die Ernährungssicherung in Deutschland in Abhängigkeit vom Konsumanteil tierischer Lebensmittel. In: Zeitschrift für Ernährungsökologie, 2(2), pp. 94-96, retrieved from: www.scientificjournals.com/erno/welcome.htm. Taylor C. (2000) Ökologische Bewertung von Ernährungsweisen anhand ausgewählter Indikatoren. Inauguraldissertation. Justus- Liebig-Universität Gießen, retrieved from: bibd.uni-giessen.de/ghtm/2000/uni/d000074.htm. Uitdenbogerd D. E., Brouwer N. M. and Groot-Marcus J. P. (1998) Domestic energy saving potentials for food and textiles - An empirical study. 2. Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen. von Koerber K., Männle T., Leitzmann C., Eisinger M., Watzl B. and Weiss G. (1999) Vollwert-Ernährung: Konzeption einer zeitgemässen Ernährungsweise. 9 Edition. Haug, ISBN 3-7760-1734-1, Heidelberg. Wiegmann K., Eberle U., Fritsche U. and Hünecke K. (2005) Umweltauswirkungen von Ernährung - Stoffstromanalysen und Szenarien. Öko-Institut, Darmstadt. Würtenberger L. (2003) Import and Export of Agricultural Land Use. Diplomarbeit Nr. 1/03. Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zürich. Zwick M. M. and Müller C. (2012) Umweltauswirkungen des Ernährungsverhaltens von normalgewichtigen, übergewichtigen und adipösen Jugendlichen. In: Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Risiko und Nachhaltigkeitsforschung: Juvenile Adipositas aus soziologischer, psychologischer und sozialökologischer Perspektive, Vol. 24 (ed. Zwick M. M.). 109
PLENARY SESSION 1: FOOD 8 th Int. Conference on LCA in the Agri-Food Sector, 1-4 Oct 2012 Gender and dietary recommendations in an IO-LCA of food consumption in Germany Toni Meier * , Olaf Christen Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty- Heimann-Straße 5, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany Corresponding author. E-mail: toni.meier@nutrition-impacts.org ABSTRACT Besides technical improvements and a reduction of food losses in the food chain, diet shifts offer practicable opportunities to reduce environmental impacts in the agri-food sector on a low-cost level. Due to their production intensity, different foods of animal or plant origin play a crucial role in the assessment of the environmental impacts of human nutrition and dietary habits. Based on a representative nutrition survey in Germany from the year 2006, a life cycle assessment was conducted to quantify nutrition-related impacts, with a special focus on the socio-demographic factor gender in comparison with different dietary recommendations, dietary styles and the average diet profile 20 years ago. Regarding the analysed scenarios the highest impact changes would be expected from the vegan and the ovo-lacto vegetarian diet. The impact potentials of the recommendations of UGB and D-A-CH range on the 3rd and 4th position, but are still significant. Concerning gender the average female diet is already closer to the recommendations. In comparison to the years 1985-89 all indicators (exception blue water) show lower impacts, mainly derived by changes in the diet. In comparison to that, impact changes due to food losses were lower and mainly contrarian, which could be explained by higher food losses in 2006 compared to 1985-89. Keywords: Input-output LCA, direct land use change & land use (dLUC, LU), diet shift, nutrition patterns, dietary recommendations 1. Introduction Human nutrition has a strong effect on environmental impacts. Taking political considerations into account (EC 2011), nutritionally acceptable und environmentally sound measures have to be developed to cope with current agro-ecological challenges. Various studies with a life cycle perspective have identified food supply as one of the main contributors to environmental impacts (Nijdam et al., 2005, Tukker et al., 2011). To facilitate political and economic decisions various life cycle assessments (LCA) have been elaborated: (i) either on a product level basis or (ii) on a diet basis to identify the most polluting food items or to compare dietary choices (Carlsson-Kanyama 1998, Taylor 2000, Peters et al., 2007, Muñoz et al., 2010, Jungbluth et al., 2011, Meier & Christen 2012). Besides technical solutions (improvements in efficiency during production and processing) and a reduction of food losses, changes in diets and nutrition patterns are also discussed with a view to decreasing environmental impacts of the agri-food sector (Stehfest 2009, Popp et al., 2010). The first part of the study builds mainly upon Meier & Christen (2012), where the influence of the factor gender in an LCA of food consumption was analysed. Here, we examine these gender-related differences in comparison to nutrition recommendations (D-A-CH & UGB), nutrition styles (ovo-lacto vegetarian, vegan) and the average diet profile 20 years ago (in the years 1985-89). 2. Materials and methods For the study, representative data sets concerning German food production and consumption were used (BMELV 2009, BML 1991). Exact, subgroup-specific intake data was provided by the both National Nutrition Surveys from the years 1985-89 and 2006 (Kübler et al., 1995, MRI 2008). The environmental impact assessment was based mainly on the input-output tables of SEEA (System of Environmental and Economic Accounting, Schmidt & Osterburg 2011). To consider the impacts of food imports, emissions from direct land use change and land use (dLUC, LU), food processing, trade/transport and packaging, these were complemented by several LCA data sets - e.g. Leip et al., (2010), the Danish LCA Food database (Nielsen et al., 2003), Institute of Applied Ecology (2010) and Mekonnen & Hoekstra (2012) for blue water. Thus, the system boundaries are set cradle-to-store. The functional unit considered on the product level refers to 1 kg consumed product. The reference year in the study is the year 2006. According to ISO 14040/14044 (2006) the four distinct steps of an LCA have been completed. As regards environmental impact assessment, global warming potential (GWP) was assessed, which included emissions from direct land use change and land use (dLUC, LU), along with five inventory indicators (ammonia emissions, land use, blue water use, phosphorous use and cumulative primary energy demand (CED)). The following food groups were analysed: milk products (including butter, high-fat milk products like cheese and cream, low-fat milk products like milk and yoghurt), meat products (including pork, beef/veal, 110
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General Information 8 th Internatio
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Table of Contents for Sessions TUES
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ORAL SESSIONS 8 th International Co
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KEYNOTE SESSION 8 th Int. Conferenc
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