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LCA Food 2012 in Saint Malo, France! - Manifestations et colloques ...

LCA Food 2012 in Saint Malo, France! - Manifestations et colloques ...

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KEYNOTE SESSION 8 th Int. Conference on <strong>LCA</strong> <strong>in</strong> the<br />

Agri-<strong>Food</strong> Sector, 1-4 Oct <strong>2012</strong><br />

force. Development of standardised data formats (e.g. ILCD) is a major step <strong>in</strong> the right direction. Capacity<br />

build<strong>in</strong>g of researchers, policy makers, and <strong>in</strong>dustry is another relevant step. Development of the national<br />

LCI database requires much effort <strong>in</strong> engagement of <strong>in</strong>dustrial associations for participat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the data collection<br />

efforts as well as to allay concerns of compromis<strong>in</strong>g confidentiality. Attempts at <strong>in</strong>ternational collaboration<br />

will exacerbate such concerns, especially vis-à-vis perceived impacts on <strong>in</strong>ternational trade. These<br />

issues will need to be urgently addressed to facilitate cooperation. It would be useful to learn from the experience<br />

of national and <strong>in</strong>ternational database efforts such as Agri-BALYSE (<strong>France</strong>), <strong>LCA</strong> food database<br />

(Denmark), Eco<strong>in</strong>vent, <strong>et</strong>c. on how they dealt with such issues. This would provide further directions for the<br />

future.<br />

5. Conclud<strong>in</strong>g remarks<br />

<strong>LCA</strong> <strong>in</strong> the agri-food sector has been recently established very strongly <strong>in</strong> Thailand through various national<br />

level <strong>in</strong>itiatives such as the development of the LCI database and product carbon footpr<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g and labell<strong>in</strong>g.<br />

Of course much work still needs to be done on improv<strong>in</strong>g the quality, representativity and reliability<br />

of the data; this will support the further application of <strong>LCA</strong> especially by the <strong>in</strong>dustries. <strong>LCA</strong> is also on the<br />

rise <strong>in</strong> other countries <strong>in</strong> the region, though some countries are still far from realis<strong>in</strong>g its importance. M<strong>et</strong>hodological<br />

issues particularly perta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g to land use change and biodiversity need urgent attention. Efforts<br />

are ongo<strong>in</strong>g to dissem<strong>in</strong>ate knowledge and experience from Thailand to other countries which are still <strong>in</strong> the<br />

<strong>in</strong>itial stages of <strong>LCA</strong> development through the recently <strong>in</strong>itiated <strong>LCA</strong> Agri-food n<strong>et</strong>work. Japan has played<br />

an important role <strong>in</strong> partner<strong>in</strong>g with Thailand <strong>in</strong> this effort as have other countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia<br />

and Vi<strong>et</strong>nam. European countries can also be <strong>in</strong>terest<strong>in</strong>g partners as they have much experience <strong>in</strong> develop<strong>in</strong>g<br />

national and regional-level agriculture and food databases as well as assessment tools. These experiences<br />

would be very useful for the emerg<strong>in</strong>g countries <strong>in</strong> Asia so that they can leapfrog the <strong>in</strong>itial problems<br />

that the developed countries must have faced while <strong>in</strong>itiat<strong>in</strong>g their <strong>LCA</strong> activities <strong>in</strong> the agri-food sector. The<br />

developed countries on the other hand can also learn about agriculture and food <strong>in</strong>dustries <strong>in</strong> Asia which will<br />

be useful especially for the many environmental labell<strong>in</strong>g efforts that are ongo<strong>in</strong>g and where many of the<br />

upstream process of agriculture and food process<strong>in</strong>g are based <strong>in</strong> Asia. More engagement can also come<br />

through jo<strong>in</strong>t efforts at n<strong>et</strong>work<strong>in</strong>g; the <strong>LCA</strong> Agri-food Asia could also l<strong>in</strong>k up with exist<strong>in</strong>g n<strong>et</strong>works<br />

worldwide, such as <strong>in</strong>ter alia UNEP/SETAC Life Cycle Initiative, ENVIFOOD protocol and the Susta<strong>in</strong>ability<br />

Consortium, that have similar goals.<br />

6. Acknowledgements<br />

Dr. Thumrongrut Mungcharoen and Ms. Patcharaporn Pongpat of NSTDA, Thailand; Dr. Rattanawan<br />

Mungkung of Kas<strong>et</strong>sart University, Thailand and Dr. Chen Sau Soon of SIRIM Berhad, Malaysia are acknowledged<br />

for provid<strong>in</strong>g support<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>formation. Special thanks to Dr. Hayo van der Werf, French National<br />

Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) for mak<strong>in</strong>g useful suggestions on the paper. The op<strong>in</strong>ions expressed<br />

<strong>in</strong> this article and any errors are the sole responsibility of the author.<br />

7. References<br />

BSI, 2008. PAS 2050:2008. Specification for the assessment of the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of goods and services. British<br />

Standards Institution.<br />

Choo, Y.M., Muhamad, H., Hashim, Z., Subramanian, V., Puah, C.W., Tan, Y.A., 2011. D<strong>et</strong>erm<strong>in</strong>ation of GHG contributions by<br />

subsystems <strong>in</strong> the oil palm supply cha<strong>in</strong> us<strong>in</strong>g <strong>LCA</strong> approach. Int J Life Cycle Assess. 16, 669-681.<br />

Gheewala, S.H., 2011. Life Cycle Assessment (<strong>LCA</strong>) to evaluate environmental impacts of bioenergy projects. J Sust Energy Environ.<br />

Special Issue, 35-38.<br />

Gheewala, S.H., Mungkung, R., <strong>2012</strong>. FOODpr<strong>in</strong>t as a tool to support GHG reduction <strong>in</strong> the Thai agri-food sector. Proceed<strong>in</strong>gs of<br />

the 8th International Conference on <strong>LCA</strong> <strong>in</strong> the Agri-<strong>Food</strong> Sector, Rennes, <strong>France</strong>, 2-4 October <strong>2012</strong>.<br />

Hansen, S.B., Olsen, S.I., Ujang, Z. <strong>2012</strong>. Greenhouse gas reductions through enhanced use of residues <strong>in</strong> the life cycle of Malaysian<br />

palm oil derived biodiesel. Bioresource Technol. 104, 358-366.<br />

Harsono, S.S., Prochnow, A., Grundmann, P., Hansen, A., Hallmann, C., <strong>2012</strong>. Energy balances and greenhouse gas emissions of<br />

palm oil biodiesel <strong>in</strong> Indonesia. Glob Change Biol. 4, 213-228.<br />

Hassan, M.N.A., Jaramillo, P., Griff<strong>in</strong>, W.M., 2011. Life cycle GHG emissions from Malaysian oil palm bioenergy development.<br />

Energ Policy. 39, 2615-2625.<br />

Kamahara, H., Hasanud<strong>in</strong>, U., Widiyanto, A., TaDaimon, H., Tachibana, R., Atsuta, Y., Goto, N., Fujie, K., 2010. Improvement<br />

potential for n<strong>et</strong> energy balance of biodiesel derived from palm oil: A case study from Indonesian practice. Biomass Bioenerg.<br />

34, 1818-1824.<br />

Lebel, L., Mungkung, R., Gheewala, S.H., Lebel, P., 2010. Innovation cycles, niches and susta<strong>in</strong>ability <strong>in</strong> the shrimp aquaculture<br />

<strong>in</strong>dustry <strong>in</strong> Thailand. Environ Sci Policy. 13, 291-302.<br />

Lohsomboon, P., 2002. <strong>LCA</strong> Activities <strong>in</strong> Thailand. Int J Life Cycle Assess. 7, 181.<br />

Phong, L.T., de Boer, I.J.M., Udo, H.M.J., 2011. Life cycle assessment of food production <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>tegrated agriculture-aquaculture<br />

systems of the Mekong Delta. Livest Sci. 139, 80-90.<br />

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